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submitted 4 days ago* (last edited 1 day ago) by [email protected] to c/[email protected]

Patrice Emery Lumumba was born on 2 July 1925, at Onalua village near the Katako-Kombe Town in the Sankuru district of north-eastern Kasai, Congo (modern day the Democratic Republic of Congo). . Lumumba’s tribe was the Batetela (Tetela) which is a dynamic branch of the Mongo-Nkutshu family of central Congo. He grew up in a mud-brick house. The Congo was a colony of Belgium and, as such, he attended both Protestant and Catholic schools run by white Belgian missionaries. Lumumba was intelligent and used to ask too many problematic questions

Lumumba was ambitious and aimed for social mobility, predominantly to form part of the “evolue”, the upper strata of the middle class; the highest-level indigenous Congolese could attain in the Belgian colony. His first employment was at the Postal Office as a postal clerk in Stanleyville City in 1954. However, Lumumba was accused of embezzlement and was jailed in 1955. Due to an extensive interview with King Baudouin, when he visited the Congo in 1955, Lumumba’s sentence was reduced in 1956. Lumumba, after working for almost three years,was appointed as the sales director for a brewery company in Léopoldville (currently known as Kinshasa) in 1957. This is how Lumumba left Stanleyville (currently known as Kisangani) for the Congo's capital city, Kinshasa.

While Lumumba was working in Stanleyville, he joined the Belgian Liberal Political Party. When he relocated to Léopoldville to work at the brewery, he helped to find the Movement National Congolais (MNC) political party. Lumumba's good personality and public speaking skills won him many admirers, making him a focal point within the party. While in prison in 1955, Lumumba reconsidered his status as an evolue and made a major shift towards Pan-Africanism and Congolese nationalism. The notion of nationalism enabled different ethnic groups that made up the Congolese society to come together and fight against colonial economic exploitation, political repression and cultural oppression.

The Belgian led government, in 1959, announced that Congolese local elections should take place within five years to full Congolese independence. At the Luluabourg Congress meeting in April 1959, various political groups and some members of MNC that favoured a unitary form of government for the Congo chose Lumumba to lead them. Within the MNC, however, there were other leaders that considered Lumumba’s views as radical and not good for the nation. It is argued that the result of this difference of opinion, was a split in the MNC party in July 1959 with a majority of the members following Albert Kalonji. Even though Lumumba had left Stanleyville , he was briefly detained on charges of encouraging the outbreak of riots in Stanleyville in November 1959. He was released from detention in time to attend the Round Table Conference in Brussels which paved the way for Congo’s general elections. Lumumba was an effective speaker in each of the Congo's major vehicular languages as well as in French when compared to other Congolese leaders and this helped his campaigning.

After the May 1960 general elections, Congo achieved independence on 30 June 1960 with Lumumba as the leader of the largest single party. He was selected to become the Congo's first prime minister and his political rival, Joseph Kasavubu, became president of the Congo.

As the prime minister, Lumumba faced sudden emergencies.The Congolese elite feared Lumumba’s notion of nationalism and participatory democracy and thus they started revolting against him. The revolt of the army and the secession of the provinces of Katanga and Southern Kasai were further emergencies. Lumumba sent Congolese troops to Southern Kasai province in attempt to restore the situation but the poorly trained soldiers killed thousands of Congolese civilians. The United Nations, through Secretary General Hammerskjöld, blamed Lumumba for the massacre of civilians. Lumumba disliked Belgium and the UN for not helping to restore order and unity in Congo. The Congolese elite conspired with foreign states, specifically the CIA and US administration, to get rid of Lumumba. When Lumumba asked for military help from the Soviet Union against the secessionist provinces of Southern Kasai and Katanga, President Kasavubu dismissed him from office on 5th September 1960. This was the beginning of the end of the political life of Patrice Lumumba. The Congolese National Assembly disagreed with the decision of the president and ordered Lumumba back in power as prime minister. This did not happen since a faction of the Congolese army, under Colonel Mobutu, took over the government instead and put Lumumba under the house arrest under the protection of Ghanaian troops of the UN force. Lumumba managed to get out of the house arrest in Kinshasa and attempted to leave for Stanleyville, but he was arrested by an army patrol and held prisoner in a military camp at Thysville.

From the military camp, Lumumba was transferred to Elisabethville, Katanga on January 18, 1961 despite the presence of United Nations troops, he was picked up by a small group led by Katanga's interior minister, Godefroid Munongo. Lumumba was taken to a nearby house where he was assassinated.

Lumumba's assassination made him a symbol of struggle for champions of African nations' attempts to bond and set themselves free from the influence of the European Colonizers.

Patrice Émery Lumumba - South Africa history online

Why Patrice Lumumba Was a Threat

How the West Destroyed Congo’s Hopes for Independence

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[-] [email protected] 6 points 11 hours ago

I don't really get why society won't grant me a living in exchange for me spending most of my time making sure cats are happy. There are a lot of cats out there, many are not getting the love they need and everyone us generally really happy to find out that cats are having fun. Give me a Cat Ranch. With sufficient funding and space I could totally keep ar least 20 cats absolutely stoked all day every day. Throw in a ranch hand and that could go up to 60. Six people could for sure keep a solid 150 or so cats in barracks and ready for war. Its too bad being a witch isn't really a thing cause my affinity for cats really seems to come in handy there. Im pretty good at cackling too.

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[-] [email protected] 5 points 10 hours ago

Has any 3d game ever done dream logic for geography well? Like you turn a corner outside and then you're in a building and while a certain place may lead to another consistently there is no real world logic behind it? Like the hall leads to a bathroom and if you open he shower curtain theres an desert behind it kinda thing? Games seem uniquely able to do that. I hafe a recurring dreamscape that as long as what loaded when you did what didn't make irl sense I could probably make navigable in a game if the player got used to the nonsense geography. Ive seen games that go way too far with it and may as well be or are procedurally generated. Aside from specific set pieces in games I've never really seen that kind of spatial dreamscape thing and it would be sick if brought togerher well. I wanna feel like Cooper at rhe end of twin peaks season 2

[-] [email protected] 2 points 9 hours ago* (last edited 9 hours ago)

kinda like if Antichamber had scenery?

funny enough the best recent example I can think of is actually a Doom mod (forgive the clickbait title it's both a good video and a good mod), idTech handles space differently than later 3d engines so it's fertile ground for this kind of thing

[-] [email protected] 1 points 9 hours ago* (last edited 9 hours ago)

I found a YouTube link in your comment. Here are links to the same video on alternative frontends that protect your privacy:

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[-] [email protected] 1 points 9 hours ago* (last edited 9 hours ago)

There are a couple specific instances I can think of from Dark Souls 2 and Spec Ops: The Line, but no game that really commits to the idea afaik.

Hyperbolica might be worth a look because its whole world is non-euclidian, but it's not quite what you're describing.

[-] [email protected] 1 points 9 hours ago

I know it's just kind of a trailer for a Red Vox album, but maybe The New Flesh is close to what you're looking for?

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[-] [email protected] 6 points 11 hours ago* (last edited 11 hours ago)

that's our (humanity's) secret, officer....we're all crashouts

(i breka down weeping in the starbucks while imagingin i am becoming the increidble hualk)

[-] [email protected] 2 points 9 hours ago* (last edited 9 hours ago)

Wild that I live in the country of both a) lots of people carrying guns and b) lots of people setting off random fireworks it really seems like a winning combination

[-] [email protected] 6 points 12 hours ago

which way, western they?? (pull out my heart and feed it to the megathread, or go to badposting and make a "lenin my goat" spampost????????)

[-] [email protected] 3 points 12 hours ago

sorry hexchapos i am crashout-core tn

[-] [email protected] 11 points 14 hours ago

My wealthy gusano relatives told me they aren’t bothered by the BBB because the economy couldn’t afford to take care of people who didn’t work and expected the state to take care of them.

They also aren’t afraid of getting deported because they’re wealthy and even if they do they can just live in a nicely gentrified part of Guatemala City.

My disgust for these people never reaches a limit. They’re the side of my family that sided with the fascists during the civil war and only left because they wanted to make more money in America.

[-] [email protected] 4 points 11 hours ago* (last edited 11 hours ago)

the Big Beautiful Working Class (who needs to mercilessly devour the bourgeoisie: for the sake of our friends, siblings, lovers, parents, children, children's children, our comrades we'll never meet who live a globe away, their children & parents & friends & lovers, the memories (or even spirits if you conceive of realoity like that) of our past comrades & their friends, siblings, lovers, parents, children.

( fedposting ahem um, devour them as in politically - bloodlessly & non-literally, like a big old peaceful general strike that goes "boo!" specter and scares the mean ol' industrialists so much they hand over the reins of power. yeah.)

[-] [email protected] 6 points 13 hours ago* (last edited 13 hours ago)

Woke up this afternoon, learned that basically every societal problem is about to start getting worse faster than it was before, just another day in what I hope will be referred to by historians as the late Amerikkkan empire.

[-] [email protected] 4 points 12 hours ago

Professor E. Gadd be like "Luiiigi, ikeh-ikeh, sookoo sookoo"

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[-] [email protected] 6 points 13 hours ago

What if instead of melodrama it was fellowdrama and it was just for the boys

[-] [email protected] 7 points 14 hours ago

Pulled a muscle in my leg doing my physical therapy exercises lmao

[-] [email protected] 3 points 12 hours ago

Good Lord, if that neighborhood had an HOA, Phineas and Ferb wouldn't be able to do shit.

[-] [email protected] 4 points 13 hours ago

Vania should be stricken from metroidvania im replaying them, I liked them as a kid and they were the first ones I got into but now vastly vastly prefer the old school ones.

They are just throwing everything at the wall. The shambolic castle design and poor signposting as well as lack of map references for why you were stuck at whatever dead end. Metroid showed when a red door was red on the damn map. The exp system and short range weapons combine to make backtracking fucking suck and you'll need to do a lot of it. The dead ends are just dead ends cause most of the time the reward you get is useless to you aside from sale value to restock on potions. Instead of potions you could just have more health or not need to tank as many hits. Cause youre gonna blast through those potions trying to backtrack through hallways of unskippable enemies thar respawn every time you leave the room or giant open areas with small damage but hard to avoid enemies that fuck up your jumps and whittle you down for the next hallway. So you just tank hits going from save point to save point between dead ends until you need to warp back to the first area to buy potions and start your random search from the closest warp room to where the last unexplored dead end was. Im finding this really frustrating with dawn of sorrow as well cause after you can double jump you can dive kick flying enemies and bounce off which gives height and restores your second jump. My sequence breaks have yielded me a weapon im not gonna use, armor that i already have on and a full magic restore and magic restores itself by not using it. The souls of enemies being random ability drops is another thing that's cool in concept but falls apart in execution cause your starting souls are fucoing stupid. Instead of one of each type where one is pretty useless and the other is just a stat bonus the starting ones should have been equivalents to the classic subweapons. I didn't get any souls that attack upwards and am sick of using heavy swords for the arc when id rather use an equivalent to the age and id rather not grind axe knights to do so.

[-] [email protected] 3 points 9 hours ago

metroidvania meant a castlevania game that was like metroid but linguistic prescriptivism is bad so we can't have rigorous terminology in public discourse

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[-] [email protected] 3 points 12 hours ago

Well, the move is done, that was the shittiest apartment i’ve been in so far

[-] [email protected] 7 points 15 hours ago

this timeline is fucked i need to find the right way to nihilistically crashout we could've had something beautiful but isntead we live on nazi-earth

[-] [email protected] 12 points 17 hours ago

My partner is finally starting to become political and it feels like I'm radicalizing all over again since we're rehashing things that radicalized me as well as the big beautiful bill shit. I honestly forgot how much physic damage you take when you fully internalize the evil that is the US government and its supporters. It is not an easy process and watching them go through it feels bad. Watching them fully realize that various friends and family members are just fully demons who wish to watch the poor and vulnerable suffer is causing them great pain. I'm glad I'm here to remind them that no, they aren't crazy and that these people are genuinely evil.

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[-] [email protected] 6 points 16 hours ago

I'm like a month behind on twitch vids but nl-smug quitting reddit-logo might be the example I need to kick it myself. I'd miss the topic-specific news and a couple fun subreddits, but the psychic benefits would be great. I hope he keeps it up

[-] [email protected] 5 points 16 hours ago

Amiibos both being allowed in speed runs and a part of the any% world record route is so annoying lol

[-] [email protected] 4 points 16 hours ago

Heyo,

I'm not sure if this is the right place to ask (first comment in this negathread, I think, I'm mostly a newshead), but I've been getting into more debates about economic systems recently and I often get hit with the argument that "Czechia, Slovakia, Poland are all much better off than during socialism and even if income inequality rose in that time, general wealth levels rose by so much that practically everyone is better off".

Would anyone have pointers to some books/articles, explaining the processes and events surrounding the fall of communism, with a particular focus on these western parts of the USSR? I've read Blackshirts and Reds(referring to the Market Paradise chapters here),, unfortunately that book isn't sourced well and it expects you to already be aligned with its way of thinking. The people I end up arguing with usually hold very opposing opinions.

[-] [email protected] 2 points 11 hours ago

If you're arguing with someone that at least understands the crisis inherent to capitalism, you could just point to how adopting capitalism has made economic polarization and the tendency of the rate of profit to fall inevitable problems for these republics, even if they're momentarily wealthier than they were under communism. This is kind of a vague point and it suffers from the same problem as citing Parenti (if they disagree then they disagree, not much you can do except make the argument against capitalism as a whole which is probably going in circles) but I think it's something always worth making clear: Marxism isn't anti-capitalism, sometimes capitalism does a good job of creating wealth, when a country was held back in siege for a period and then has a period of high investment it will probably experience a surge in (unequal) improving conditions; in some ways, that's good, it's why Dengism works, but if you think that system will keep working forever you're sorely mistaken.

[-] [email protected] 2 points 7 hours ago* (last edited 7 hours ago)

I see your point on trying to look into the longer term and see the crisis inherent in the system. I usually end up trying to criticize capitalism as a whole, but since I'm not that well read, it does end up going in circles quite often, you're right on the money there. In general, I think my views are still quite simplistic and fuzzy, which is why I'm looking to read more history, theory and devote more time to forming a coherent opinion. Thanks for the short writeup, it helps with that.

[-] [email protected] 2 points 13 hours ago* (last edited 13 hours ago)

I'm not a book nerd but Hakim on youtube has many videos on the fall of the European communist states along with book recommendations.

Also, I'm partially confused by the question since you mention Warsaw Pact countries and then want a focus on the western USSR. Regardless one of the most visible things in statistics is that on basically any graph of population you can see once capitalist infection starts those countries immediately had a population decline because people left the economic chaos of shock therapy, people stopped having kids, and others just fucking died. Ukraine is the worst in that regard where it turns on a dime from strong population growth to strong decline.

[-] [email protected] 2 points 7 hours ago

Thanks for the hakim recommendation, I am not that big into video essays, but I see he even has dedicated "reading list" videos. Cool!

To the second part, you're right, I mixed up my words. What I meant was the countries of the Warsaw Pact, it's just that it's so often portrayed as a group of USSR vassal states. Regarding the statistics, I can see a definite trend within the USSR states and most Warsaw pact countries (thank you for pointing this out), but specifically Czechoslovakia seems to have stabilized in the 80s already and the market reforms seem to have had a smaller effect. Any idea why that is?

[-] [email protected] 1 points 11 minutes ago

Basically the closer the country was to Germany the better it did for different reasons. Czechoslovakia had a better privatization scheme and stronger industry that they would want integrated with German capital so it wasn't looted and destroyed by international capital. Poland was given support and subsidies to be a strong NATO bulwark on Russia's border. The Baltic states had spent centuries polishing german horse cocks so there were many people in exile after WW2 who worshipped Germany/the west and were fanatically loyal and pro NATO when they came to power and were rewarded for that loyalty. The other soviet republics had to be punished, especially the Russians. Yugoslavia was destroyed by the wars and NATO so there was nothing to really care about.

[-] [email protected] 7 points 19 hours ago* (last edited 19 hours ago)

express scripts has my adhd meds in stock but because my pharmacy insurance is a competitor to express scripts i cannot use express scripts and my insurance's mail-service pharmacy does not have my meds but will get them in the third week of july so if i send a script to them i get the honor of being allowed on their waitlist and and and an eviscerated

fuckin-deserve dean-neutral (<--- the DEA if that wasn't clear)

[-] [email protected] 6 points 18 hours ago

fuuuuuuuuck workeither my one boomer colleague or members of the public are snitching on me/general front desk staff for not Doing the Song and Dance enough - directly after giving me phony ass praise for taking on an extra project, my direct supervisor told me "also, make sure you're not forgetting to say hi to people as they walk into the rec center :) :) :)" (idk if it's really his fault, he probably has limited latitude to just Not Respond to those kinds of customer complaints, but still but still but still)

can we bring the original, actual definition of emotional labor re: service workers/public servants back into public consciousness and destroy the pop psych "oh shit being a good friend or partner is hard sometimes, sorry buddy that's a you problem nayuta-peace" conception of it that's taken over???

career switching to this parks department community service shit sounded real nice on paper (serving the collective good!! no (direct) profit motive!!) but goddam do i fucking hate the american public & their expectation that just because you're in a public-facing position you become some wholly servile wretch rather than just a motherfucker who's there to do a job for a wage.

[-] [email protected] 4 points 17 hours ago* (last edited 17 hours ago)

Put off buying new insoles because i thought I could wait until there's a sale

Turns out I couldn't and now I have sore feet, worse circulation, and im like a weekish away from getting some relief

And I paid full price kitty-cri

[-] [email protected] 8 points 20 hours ago* (last edited 20 hours ago)

Stop procrastinating reading, me... luffy-exhausted

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[-] [email protected] 5 points 18 hours ago

Does Trump have a petty beef with the Smithsonian? Why did they sneak moving the space shuttle out of the air and space museum into the budget bill.

[-] [email protected] 4 points 17 hours ago

Texas senators wanted it to be moved to Houston

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[-] [email protected] 9 points 21 hours ago

some kind of rat or mouse knawed a hole in my bathroom ceiling doggirl-gloom

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this post was submitted on 30 Jun 2025
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chapotraphouse

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