According to Harvard research, eating oranges stimulates growth of Faecalibacterium prausnitzia.

This bacteria lives inside the human gut and generates serotonin and dopamine — 2 powerful molecules that elevate your mood.

Harvard is one of the top 5 research universities in the world. Gary Ruvkun won the 2024 Nobel Prize in Medicine. Where does he work ? Harvard.

If you feel sad, eat an orange 🍊

Ysk about ageless linux to protest the age attestation that has passed in California. Ysk because the laws are unjust and discriminate against volunteer apps/OSs such as Linux distros.

Tiny11 builds a Windows 11 ISO that is 3.7GB in size, and installs in less than 10GB. It is so stripped down it doesn't even have a web browser, so it requires minimal updates, and runs great as a VM.

Personally, I use it for things like configuring Webcams or Controllers.

I recommend installing in KVM using a qcow2 disk image named Tiny11-Base.qcow2, then:

Install VirtIO tools

https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/archive-virtio/

To get VirtIO on there you can use a USB stick, or use PowerShell as Administrator to download:

$url = "https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/archive-virtio/virtio-win-0.1.285-1/virtio-win-guest-tools.exe"
$output = "c:\Users\User\Download\virtio.exe"

Import-Module BitsTransfer
Start-BitsTransfer -Source $url -Destination $output

Mount folders

This is so you don't need a browser or to use PowerShell for downloading. I mount my local Downloads folder.

Guide: https://www.debugpoint.com/kvm-share-folder-windows-guest/

Latest FSP (Fuse for Windows) at time of writing: https://github.com/winfsp/winfsp/releases/download/v2.2B1/winfsp-2.2.26112.msi

Snapshot and backup

Shutdown and create backups.

This retains sparse file compatibility (a disk that can grow as needed).

• Snapshot will give you two files. Point your VM to the second one to use the snapshot.
• The backup command will backup the original and the snapshot.

Snapshot

qemu-img create -f qcow2 -b Tiny11-Base.qcow2 -F qcow2 Tiny11-Active.qcow2

Backup

tar --use-compress-program=pbzip2 -cSvf Tiny11.tar.bz2 Tiny11*.qcow2

Export KVM

virsh dumpxml Tiny11 > Tiny11.xml 

Restore qcow2

tar --use-compress-program=pbzip2 -xvf ./Tiny11.tar.bz2

Import KVM

virsh define Tiny11.xml 

These are super disorganized thoughts. To clarify the title, I'm targeting people who may be interested in contributing to a project like OpenStreetMap but aren't interested in the narrow focus of things like roads, sidewalks, bike paths, houses, etc. I aim to capture some of the insane breadth and detail OpenStreetMap accommodates, but without just throwing you at the wiki and telling you to go nuts. That said, here's a list the wiki maintains of some map features. Note that these are standardized essentially by consensus/usage, so if you think something's missing, you can bring it up in forums like the wiki and try to gain consensus to formalize it into a standard.

TL;DR: We map everything*; if there's some infrastructure or natural formations you happen to have a special interest in, you can probably help. Obviously I think it's extremely important as a way of democratizing information and tearing down corporate hegemony, so understand that bias. The bias, too, is that OpenStreetMap in its ideal form is a fuckton better than something like Google Maps. If you ever progress to mapping as a hobby, you begin to realize how comparatively trash Google Maps actually is for very basic things like creating a walking route, accessibility, etc. It's not just that we can make it open – it's that we can do it better.

Keep in mind, too, that you can add as much or as little data as you want. If you want to map the species name of every tree, feel free; if you want to trace over a building and just call it a "building" with no other details, that's helpful too. So don't get intimidated; it's about what you can do, not what you can't.

• Electrical – OpenStreetMap straight-up maps the global electrical grid. It's incomplete, but the tools are there, and there's a lot already done. By helping this, you're creating an open dataset in an area that's otherwise often extremely opaque. Your data may be the literal best open data that exists. There's a whole grassroots project dedicated to this called Map Your Grid. And here's a well-made tutorial using the powerful tool JOSM.
• Micromapping – There are a metric fuckload of things that can be done here. You can map where garbage cans, drinking fountains, benches, street lamps, vending machines, photo booths, defibrillators, life rings near beaches, ATMs, fire hydrants, even manholes are. Benches as an example do show up on renderers like Carto (the one on the OSM website) and can be genuinely useful to individuals. Benches, waste/recycling bins, and drinking water are especially nice in public parks. They fill things out visually, but they're also really nice if you're thirsty or have an aluminum can burning a hole in your hand.
• Directory – A huge reason Google Maps sees so much usage is a feedback loop where users expect to be able to find business information like hours, and business owners maintain that information. So you're fighting an uphill battle, and this is one of those fields where Google – by nature of having an army of business owners waiting hand and foot on their GMaps entries for free – is likely to remain dominant outside of, say, a small town. Nevertheless, a good-enough experience (or even a similarly premium one with a lot of coordination and legwork) helps dislodge Google's hegemony (and obviously, if you use it, to be useful to you).
  • Apps like StreetComplete are designed to streamline this specific kind of editing.
  • If you know people who manage businesses, let them know: they automatically have an edge in the niche OpenStreetMap arena just by taking five minutes every once in a blue moon to make sure their entry is up-to-date there. Especially when doing it alongside GMaps, you're adding nearly zero time and effort.
  • If you're adding timely information like opening hours, be sure to leave a check_date= parameter (on iD, this is "last checked date") saying when you last checked this information. This helps others decide how worth their while it is to re-check a business' information.
  • Edit: Okay, I guess this is "conventional", but to me, it's less "stereotypical".
• Transit – this one's maybe too far into the "roads, sidewalks" etc. that some people aren't interested in, but I figured I'd mention it. You can create bus routes, add pretty specific information to airports (even down to e.g. holding positions), boat infrastructure like slipways, railroads and train stations, etc. You don't have to care about cars, bicycles, or walking to help improve transportation. (Although I would suggest bicycles are underrepresented on Google Maps and OpenStreetMap and that you can do a lot to help if you care about cycling infrastructure.)
• Golf courses – Love them or hate them, there are a lot of fucking golf courses. For people who hate golf, mapping features presents data for environmental researchers. For people who love it, it presents a clean way to quickly visualize a course. (Open-air mini-golf works too, which can be nice if someone's wondering whether they should try out a course.) Either way, you can go into a decent level of detail, and it does look pretty on the map regardless of its ecological destruction. You can also add disc golf courses if that's more of your thing.
• Fluviological – OpenStreetMap maps rivers, but we do a lot more than that. We map down the level of e.g. intermittent streams, ditches, culverts, etc. There are tools like topographic map layers that can help you with this in a more advanced way, but you know, if there's a small little insignificant creek that flows by your house, it'd still be really cool to have it on the map. You might be pleasantly surprised to follow it and see where it ends up.
• Public bookcases – We do really map these. It's the "take a book, leave a book"-type. If there's one near you, put it on the map so people can find it – god knows when I've checked that Google Maps only captures a scant few of them. ("Micromapping" too, but this gets its own thing because I like it.)
• Theme parks – Yes, we map these. Yes, you can go into a lot of detail, including tracing out roller coasters and water slides and adding individual attractions. You'd think these, being high-profile, would be picked clean of things to map, but that's really not always true, and it's surprisingly satisfying to just trace a waterslide. (To that end, local swimming pools are also ripe for mapping.)
• Fences – Especially in sprawling suburbs, fences can give a more complete picture of the area, often giving a rough idea of where property lines are. Overall they just give things more definition, and since renderers like Carto show gates, it can help someone trying to find one.
• Ballot drop-off boxes – Some municipalities will have boxes where you can drop off ballots, and we map these too. On a related note, library drop-off boxes are also tracked.
• Building entrances – Entrances tell the map exactly where people can enter a building (and who's allowed), which can help for larger, more complex facilities like hospitals. With these, the router knows exactly where to walk you to for your destination.
• Agriculture – In addition to drawing farmland, you can designate a specific crop. If you have one nearby and know what it's growing, feel free.
• Public art – we track artwork like sculptures etc. We track names, artist names, materials, etc. The next time you see a (semi-permanent) public work of art (including murals), feel free to add it to the map. It's really nice to just stop and look sometimes.
• Edit: A big one I forgot to mention on its own is accessibility metadata. Things like entrances, curbs, etc. can have this sort of information. For example, a curb can have the style of curb (flush/lowered/raised/rolled), tactile paving (y/n), and wheelchair accessibility.

A bit of philosophy: I think OpenStreetMap can be broken down in to four different sort of overlapping "fields", namely map, navigation, directory, and research data. These overlap heavily, but by my definition (to reemphasize: these are not entirely or even mostly distinct):

• "Map" is the thing you actually see rendered (by some renderer) when you look at OpenStreetMap's data. It lets you look with your human eyes at an abstract representation of the world in a 2D plane (edit: or some renderers are 3D). What's especially useful if you care about this is to focus on the 2D polygons that make up areas. Is there a courtyard in a building not being shown? Make the building a multipolygon and add man_made=courtyard, so now it renders more accurately. Maybe neaten up the boundary of a nearby pond. For lines, you can do things like zoom in and better trace pathways and waterways, which can often be very rough approximations nobody ever fixed. Finally, for points, you can, as an example, do micromapping like benches that show up at higher zoom levels.
• "Navigation" is concerned with getting between places. Obvious overlap with "map", but here I mainly mean routing algorithms. What's the best way to get between locations? What's the travel distance and time? Are there obstacles to look out for? Etc. You can especially help this by adding more detailed infrastructure like traffic signals, speed limits, etc. For micromobility, it's often especially helpful to find small things people missed, like a new footpath that acts as a shortcut for the router to take you through. Whatever you do, though, do not tag for the router! E.g. while we do map well-trodden "desire paths", don't put a crosswalk where there isn't one because you think it'll make your route 30 seconds faster.
• "Directory" is concerned with essentially a business etc. directory – one where you can look at, say, a restaurant and say what its hours are, if it does delivery, what type of food it serves, if there's free Wi-Fi etc. You can help this by keeping information up-to-date if you see something is wrong or incomplete.
• "Research data" is there to be a giant heap of structured data for e.g. research. Not looking at the map render, not individually reading entries for e.g. a nice park to go have a picnic at, but just throwing the raw values into an analysis. This obviously makes its way into all three of the other fields, but I keep it as a separate entity because of how much of it is outside those common applications. An example is infrastructure that people looking at a typical map, router, or directory won't care about like e.g. the electrical grid. Very few people are going to care that a power line runs in front of their friend's house or find that worthwhile to map over other options, but somebody trying to analyze the grid might very much care on a macroscopic level. The main thing to know about contributing for this specifically is that, while your edits can help locally, you're mainly playing a small part in a much larger game that needs all the help it can get.

I think that some people may find a strong affinity for one field over the others, which is why I delineate them here. Note that there are various pieces of editing software to do all of these depending on your use case.

* That's public information and relatively static. Don't be a creep, don't map the dog house that blew onto your lawn in a hurricane, and you'll be fine.

Anyway, this was just a smattering of different ideas.

Why YSK: Contributing to a project like OpenStreetMap really changes how you look at the physical environment, and I think it's for the better. It just makes you consider so many things you never would've, and I think it's a worthwhile experience. As someone who never played it, I can say that it scratches whatever draw Pokémon Go had to me but would've quite never fulfilled. Especially for the built environment, it gives you an excuse to explore new things.

Well known health influencer explains how to fight back health insurance denials in United States.

• explains (in simyle terms) how insurance companies work.
• shows basic steps to create a solid appeal.
• recommends some online tools (AI based) to craft the appeals.

According to Rimu, the main developer of PieFed, all PieFed instances come with a 3000-long block list of resources that cannot be linked to. These include all sorts of right-wing outlets. There is no easy opt-out, forcing existing instances to follow the blocklist.

The flagship PieFed instance also rolled out a feature marking various other sorts of outlets - among them, resources considered AI slop and Marxist outlets. These are specific to piefed.social.

Related discussion: https://piefed.social/comment/11254679

Why YSK: Many users have hard time choosing between Lemmy, PieFed, and Kbin/Mbin. Users that prefer a more curated and politically uniform experience might prefer PieFed over the alternatives. Users that are right-wing, Marxist, or generally concerned about global censorship of the Fedi-/Threadiverse, might opt for other options instead.

Note: The post is only meant to inform users of the potentially important differences between Threadiverse platforms. Any ideologically charged discussions are better left in the respective topic.

Read the recent reviews since 2026-04-15. A reinstall of the extension fixed the performance issue.

De-prescribing refers to a structured, supervised process of stopping medications that are no longer necessary or beneficial. Ask your doctor the following questions:

• What is this medication for? Do I still need it?

• What would happen if I stopped it? Is there a safe way to stop?

Why you should know this

A supervised process of stopping medications that are no longer needed is something everyone should know about

I really liked this graphic that I found here: https://www.thecoachingtoolscompany.com/think-acronym-for-kinder-and-more-effective-communications/

But it’s not the only source for the THINK acronym. This source claims it was created to reduce online bullying, but I believe the idea, and probably the acronym, have been around much longer than that.

Why YSK: we can all benefit from improving our communication skills, and this is one easy way to do that. I think a lot of us want to be kind, and this can help us better achieve that goal. It’s helped me a lot!

Why YSK:

Because this scenario:

I know what some people are thinking:

My eSIM is tied to my phone, phones these days have encryption, so all I need to do is set a lockscreen password then a thief cannot access any of my data.

WRONG

At least in Android: You can just use some button combo (just look up "[Phone model] hard reset") to get into the recovery menu and wipe all data, then reboot, and the eSIM is still there!

(Caveat to this: If you happen to have a Google account, it would force a FRP lock, and that would stop access, but most of fediverse does not like those type of online accounts, so: without a SIM PIN and without FRP locks, the eSIM is accessible to a thief)

Now the thief has your bank 2FA Codes!

TLDR: Set a pin on your SIM cards, even if it's an eSIM (but especially if you use physical SIM cards)

(Curious: Does anyone actually use SIM PINs or do I just have a lot of paranoid regarding tech and potential hacks/exploits)

You should know this because voter ID is one of the most debated topics in American politics, especially in recent years (SAVE America Act). On one hand, there's election integrity, and on the other, voter access.

cross-posted from: https://lemmy.world/post/46320788

Of these states, six have Democratic trifectas, 23 have Republican trifectas, and seven have divided governments. There are currently 14 states that do not require identification at the polls outside of what is required by federal law. Of these 14 states, 10 have Democratic trifectas, and four have a divided government.

PBS Passport is PBS's streaming service. You can a whole bunch of content for as low as $5 a month.

DuckDuckGo's bangs (extremely useful) let you search a specific website. For example, on Wiktionary, searching !wt hello will return the Wiktionary entry for 'hello' (or, if the entry for 'hello' didn't exist, a list of search results).

However, this 1) takes longer as it has to go through DuckDuckGo, 2) could even take you to a separate container depending on how you have that set up, and 3) is inherently less private because it's being sent through a middleman.

It's super easy to make your own custom keyword in Firefox at Settings > Search > Search Shortcuts. Using Wiktionary as an example again, I made the keyword !wt, mirroring the DDG bang. From there, I just searched some random bullshit string that didn't exist, found the URL https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?search=parametershere, stripped it to https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?search, and appended %s at the end as a specifier character that gets replaced with whatever the search terms are.

Thus, now !wt hello takes me straight to https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?search=hello, which in turn goes right to the entry, instead of DDG –> Wiktionary search –> Wiktionary entry.

Why YSK: This is extremely obvious in hindsight, but even though I use bangs all the time, I never connected that I could just replace Firefox's keywords with the exact bangs I was already using for an objectively better experience. Bangs already make things way more convenient, and this is a more perfect form of that for commonly used websites.

Edit: I forgot to mention that, in the 'Advanced' options for a search shortcut, you can add search suggestions. So Wikipedia, for example, has the OpenAPI where you can get suggestions while you type (if that's your thing): https://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=opensearch&search= and append %s.

As one meta-analysis put it:

It’s estimated that an increase of one hour per day of outdoor time could reduce the occurrence of myopia in children by 45%.

Make sure your kids spend time outside, folks!

Useful infographic so you know which is the best to use for the job.

i just learned about bubbles last night and i'm already in love with it. it's federated and you can login with a mastodon account to rate and comment.

Huge thanks to fedi.tips for their original post! For anyone who's main method of curating what they read centers around Mastodon, the ability to follow RSS feeds from there is a huge quality of life upgrade. From fedi's article:

• Create a new post but don’t publish it yet Mention the RSS Parrot Fediverse account @birb@rss-parrot.net - Mention the RSS address you want to follow
• Publish the post (it doesn’t have to be a public post, DMs will work as well)
• RSS Parrot will create a new Fediverse account that mirrors the contents of the RSS address you provided, and then reply to you with a link to the new account

Follow this new account to follow the RSS feed

This method works for any Fediverse platform that supports microblogging, including Mastodon and many other Fedi platforms.

For ProtonVPN as an example: you can go to the downloads section and download the wireguard config you want and then import it from the wireguard gui.

For me, I would never use other inferior VPN clients after knowing how efficient, supported and developed are the official Wireguard gui are.

Other providers who provide configs:

• Mullvad;
• IVPN;
• Windscribe.

Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. None of these nations have an minimim hourly wage enshrined in law. Instead many of the base terms of employment, including wages, are decided via collective bargaining between sector trade unions and representatives of public sector and business interest organizations.

Minimum wage decided by politics is something taken for granted in many parts of the world, but ultimately it's a question that most of all affects the suppliers (employees) and buyers (employers). The government will always be behind the times in legislation and have many other interests to juggle than yours - don't just be a passive participant in the market.

I live in Sweden by the way, so feel free to ask me questions on the topic and I'll do my best to answer.

Explanation:
The crime rate statistic shows the number of registered crimes divided by the number of registered residents in a country or area.
"Registered" is important here!

If you add undocumented immigrants to the calculation, the statistic is skewed:
Undocumented immigrants aren't registered as residents for the statistic, since they are, well, undocumented.
However, any crime committed by any one of them will count towards the crime rate when they're registered by the police.

So even if they were much less likely to commit crime than the resident population on average, the crime rate statistic would still increase. The denominator of the equation doesn't increase by definition, because only legal residents are counted towards the statistic. But the real number of people inside the country who may commit crimes increases.

This is important to know as context when people try to "prove" immigrants are more criminal than citizens, using the crime rate statistic.

Many of the existing mods have become inactive and the Lemmy.world community team asked me to step in as an active member.

You should know because I need you to report rule violations. I've done my best to clean up the backlog and will be keeping an eye out.

I've never really sought out being a mod before, other than trying to start a more niche community or two. I'd appreciate a little grace while I try to navigate how to best provide this service to the community.

Unchained at Last is a nonprofit organization advocating against marriage under 18 in the US. For anyone wanting to keep up with the US' progress (it's been slow these last couple years) or possible regressions in your state/territory (if you live here; hi!), they maintain the best resource there is. It not only lists the current status but also the legislative status per-state/territory (e.g. if a relevant bill is in the legislature and details about it).

I found Unchained at Last, I think, when Connecticut banned child marriage and an NPR(?) article referenced them. From there, I made this map – used on a couple Wikipedia articles – based off their data. It's not even close to as detailed as what Unchained at Last has, and it can't possibly be as up-to-date by its very nature.

I don't mean this to be a "wow, look how shitty the US is!" post (I mean, yeah) but to shine light on really solid, and I think underappreciated, activism. This is their homepage if you want to check out their work (it's a lot more than just maintaining data).

Why YSK: child marriage is still an issue in the US, and it seems like it's one of the few areas where the US is progressing instead of regressing. This is the best resource bar none to keep track of the state of the union in that regard. It's also a good resource to point someone toward if they're confused about what the big deal is.

Edit: Swim goggles should work too if you don't have to worry about glasses.

I know this will be obvious to some, but I've never seen anyone in my family wear them. It's so obvious once you think about it, and yet I'd wager most people (especially ones who don't cook as a hobby) have never tried this.

The reason you cry is because slicing onions produces an organosulfur called syn-Propanethial-S-oxide. Lab goggles – as designed – keep the chemical irritant from reaching your eyes. I've used them hundreds of times now, and I think there was one time it got into my eyes when I didn't have the goggles situated right (not difficult; I was just being a moron).

My 3M anti-fog pair were about $5 USD when I got them, and it looks like they're about $7.50 USD now. For that price, I never have to dread cutting up onions again. It's not magic; it's just basic PPE, and it works. You can even wear them over eyeglasses (I'm sure some huge, circular frames won't fit, but most should).

Even if you forget them and remember them midway through slicing, it can still help somewhat. So even if you're as absent-minded as I am, you can benefit from trying this.

These (below) were the ones I got personally, but feel free to try what you already have if you already have a pair on-hand for e.g. cleaning. I'd assume the important thing is just that they're goggles, not glasses.

Why YSK: owie, oof, ouchie, my eyes. Cooking is just DIY organic chemistry.

I know that a lot of VPN users have it as a homepage to their browser, that is why I wanted to publish this warning.

You can replace it with:

• WTF is my IP?;
• ip.me by Proton;
• IPinfo.