this post was submitted on 10 Jan 2025
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History

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The phrase "crossing the Rubicon" is an idiom that means "passing a point of no return". Its meaning comes from allusion to the crossing of the river Rubicon from the north by Julius Caesar in early January 49 BC. The exact date is unknown. Scholars usually place it on the night of 10 and 11 January because of the speeds at which messengers could travel at that time. It is often asserted that Caesar's crossing of the river precipitated Caesar's civil war, but Caesar's forces had already crossed into Italy and occupied Ariminum the previous day.

Caesar's civil war (49–45 BC) was a civil war during the late Roman Republic between two factions led by Gaius Julius Caesar and Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (Pompey). The main cause of the war was political tensions relating to Caesar's place in the republic on his expected return to Rome on the expiration of his governorship in Gaul.

Before the war, Caesar had led an invasion of Gaul for almost ten years. A build-up of tensions starting in late 50 BC, with both Caesar and Pompey refusing to back down, led to the outbreak of civil war. Pompey and his allies induced the Senate to demand Caesar give up his provinces and armies in the opening days of 49 BC. Caesar refused and instead marched on Rome.

The war was fought in Italy, Illyria, Greece, Egypt, Africa, and Hispania. The decisive events occurred in Greece in 48 BC: Pompey defeated Caesar at the Battle of Dyrrhachium, but the subsequent larger Battle of Pharsalus was won by Caesar and Pompey's army disintegrated. Many prominent supporters of Pompey (termed Pompeians) surrendered after the battle, such as Marcus Junius Brutus and Cicero. Others fought on, including Cato the Younger and Metellus Scipio. Pompey fled to Egypt, where he was assassinated upon arrival.

Caesar led a military expedition to Asia Minor before attacking North Africa, where he defeated Metellus Scipio in 46 BC at the Battle of Thapsus. Cato and Metellus Scipio killed themselves shortly thereafter. The following year, Caesar defeated the last of the Pompeians, at the Battle of Munda in Spain, who were led by his former lieutenant Labienus. Caesar was then made dictator perpetuo ("dictator in perpetuity" or "dictator for life") by the Roman senate in 44 BC. He was assassinated by a group of senators (including Brutus) shortly thereafter.

The civil war is one of the commonly recognised endpoints of Rome's republican government. Some scholars view the war as the proximate cause of the republic's fall, due to its polarising interruption of normal republican government.[4] Caesar's comprehensive victory followed by his immediate death left a power vacuum; over the following years his heir Octavian was eventually able to take complete control, forming the Roman Empire as Augustus.

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[–] [email protected] 6 points 1 hour ago* (last edited 1 hour ago) (2 children)

man I'll be so glad when people stop constantly throwing "pilled" or "-core" onto random words

[–] [email protected] 4 points 1 hour ago

β€œCoded” is very quickly getting to that point for me. And I only heard it for the first time what feels like a couple of months ago.

[–] [email protected] 4 points 1 hour ago

Anti-"core"pilled

[–] [email protected] 4 points 1 hour ago (1 children)
[–] [email protected] 3 points 59 minutes ago

wait wait wait wait wait 'the die is cast' is like he's rolling a dice in a game of chance? it's not a forging analogy? stalin-stressed

[–] [email protected] 2 points 48 minutes ago

just me moping about stuffThis winter has been just utterly awful for me. It's been one challenging event after another, and my character has developed, and I've become more resilient, and I've learned so much about myself and whatever. I can't keep looking on the bright side and being positive and mature and being grateful to learn a life lesson. My life is getting worse and worse and things aren't getting better. And I can't keep just saying "that's just how the world is, stay strong, keep going" to myself, because I'm going to break if things keep going like this. I need something good to happen and my life to change for the better and I don't know how long I can keep trying to do that when shit just gets worse every time I try.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 4 minutes ago

... Was Boulevard of Broken Dreams written about me?

[–] [email protected] 4 points 43 minutes ago (2 children)
[–] [email protected] 1 points 16 seconds ago

Actually, I'm glad I saw this. This exposes a good contradiction to bring up against libs in my own life when talking about Venezuela. Trump is clearly much more of a "threat to democracy" (whatever that means) than Maduro, yet the liberal establishment failed at prosecuting him. So why should we spend any energy on criticizing Maduro? How is he relevant at all? He's doing right by the Venezuelan people, he's not threatening to invade Canada or whatever, he's just a guy.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 43 minutes ago

A Reddit link was detected in your comment. Here are links to the same location on alternative frontends that protect your privacy.

[–] [email protected] 3 points 38 minutes ago* (last edited 38 minutes ago) (1 children)

β€˜28 YEARS LATER’ story details have been revealed:

β€’ Follows a community on Holy Island, a section of land only connected to the UK when the tide recedes each day

β€’ Rest of the world remains relatively unaffected from zombies except the UK

lol so the paris outbreak was easily contained, only the UK suffers ukkk qin-shi-huangdi-fireball

[–] [email protected] 2 points 13 minutes ago

Brits try to flee enemies who cannot use tools

go to one of the very few islands you don't require a boat to get to

(actually its pretty good, Lindisfarne was where the angles held out against briton warlords when they were close to being defeated, the english being driven back there fits with the more myth feel in the trailer)

[–] [email protected] 2 points 1 hour ago (1 children)

I decided I want a 3-color hexhat, bucket style. I'm getting quicker at this kind of quilting

[–] [email protected] 1 points 30 minutes ago
[–] [email protected] 8 points 2 hours ago

Imagining a spiritual successor to Kerbal Space Program where you play as Ansarallah designing missiles to launch at Tel Aviv

[–] [email protected] 6 points 2 hours ago* (last edited 2 hours ago) (1 children)

Talked to a friend who actually seems quite radicalized by the LA fire. He keeps falling back to people should collectively make better climate conscious decisions (electric over gas cars etc.). I was trying to convince him it needs to be a systemic change for any hope of actual meaningful impact. He seemed to take it well.

I left out how we have already exceeded 1.5 degrees thing though. I'm not sure what the future will look like sadness

[–] [email protected] 2 points 59 minutes ago

I'm not sure what the future will look like

More genocide, more war, more gaslighting.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 1 hour ago

Todays mundane story of β€œI miss when things were easy to Google”

I am currently roasting a whole chicken in my Dutch oven. Tried to find a recipe for β€œwhole roast chicken Dutch oven” just to get an estimate on temp and cook time.

Took fucking forever to find something that wasn’t either a whole one pot meal with a bunch of potatoes and other veggies or straight up not even chicken, like beef pot roast. Did I say and potatoes? No, I don’t have potatoes right now, I have one whole chicken and the roads are frozen, I just want to put it in the oven the simplest way possible and be done.

[–] [email protected] 6 points 2 hours ago

Another day at work, another day of being flattenedyes-honey-left

[–] [email protected] 2 points 1 hour ago

hour later and my feetsies are still cold I take it back building .01% of communism fuckin SUX

[–] [email protected] 3 points 2 hours ago

I never really watch streamers but lately i been watching nl nl-despair mostly in the edited vods and its been pretty good, specially the letterboxlarry ones

[–] [email protected] 4 points 2 hours ago

depression

real β€œI was never traumatized enough to warrant being this dysfunctional” hours who up sleepless

sure love needlessly comparing myself to my friends who i should cherish but now just feel bitter about

[–] [email protected] 2 points 2 hours ago

mental health stuff, hopefully not too inappropriate cw: suicideI must not be doing too well than I thought, since I had a few dreams telling me not to kill myself. They were pretty vivid dreams to. Strange in a way since I never got dreams like that before, even when I tried an attempt about five years ago. Just note, I am fine minus like the above stuff.

[–] [email protected] 9 points 3 hours ago (1 children)

Veni vidi veni? I think that joke's already been done. Ugh.

[–] [email protected] 8 points 2 hours ago (1 children)
[–] [email protected] 6 points 2 hours ago (1 children)
[–] [email protected] 4 points 2 hours ago (1 children)

You can make it as its own badpost :)

[–] [email protected] 3 points 2 hours ago

southern california is a demonic psycho-urban entity.

[–] [email protected] 11 points 4 hours ago* (last edited 3 hours ago) (1 children)

it's been like 1,000+ years since England largely converted to Christianity and we still have Tyr's day, Odin's day, Thor's day, and Freya's day in the English language and that's pretty fucking wack

oh yeah and also there's still Saturn's day??? wtf

[–] [email protected] 3 points 2 hours ago (1 children)

Sunday/Monday aren't pagan?

[–] [email protected] 2 points 1 hour ago

Sunday and Monday are just Sun's day and Moon's day so maybe??

[–] [email protected] 6 points 4 hours ago

Less big computer time means I can actually play games on my PS3 like I used to, currently going through GTA 4 the lost and the damned. Games alright but the story is giving me ohnoes vibes mainly how one of the character acts is reminding me of some toxic people I used to know

[–] [email protected] 18 points 5 hours ago

I went to my old work (bar) and they gave me free food and free beer and I borrowed $100 til payday. saved my ass. Lucky I still have friends there!

Also some of my friends invited me out and I said I was too broke and they said to come anyway and they paid for me 😭 I didn’t realise people cared for me this much. Nice feeling ngl. Hopefully I can return the favour sometime

[–] [email protected] 11 points 4 hours ago (2 children)

It bugs me when historical maps are given shadow outlines of present-day boarders. Like, I get it's utility for an at-a-glance comparison, but... if I wanted to compare, I can always just put a modern map next to it. I want a moment to try and imagine the space as it was, why must the future impose itself?

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[–] [email protected] 8 points 4 hours ago (1 children)

Someone found my stolen bike listed for sale on OfferUp.

I never wrote down the serial number so I'm trying to work through the fuzz with descriptions of the components. At least I put some unique stuff on it, so I know it's mine for sure.

Kinda just want to go for a test ride and ride off with the bike but I'd have to drive to get up there.

[–] [email protected] 3 points 3 hours ago

Update: cops don't want to touch it because I don't have the serial number. Looks like an expensive lesson for me. PSA use bike index.

[–] [email protected] 17 points 6 hours ago (2 children)

julius caesar was the first social democrat

[–] [email protected] 2 points 1 hour ago (1 children)

maybe, could also be the Gracchi

[–] [email protected] 1 points 1 hour ago

grachhists were, believe it or not, actually about georgism

[–] [email protected] 10 points 5 hours ago

Hot take but you're so right

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