A total of 40 non-governmental organizations in Romania and Bulgaria have asked their environment ministers to launch transboundary consultations on plans for the Čukaru Peki and Malka Golaja mining and metallurgical complex near Bor and Zaječar in the eastern part of neighboring Serbia, the Timočka buna initiative said. It added that the groups warned that the planned expansion could affect both countries via the rivers Timok and Danube.
...
The planned complex is located in the Timok river basin in eastern Serbia, close to the country’s borders with Bulgaria and Romania. The Timok flows into the Danube at the tripoint border. Its mouth is only a few kilometers from the Romanian commune of Gruia, while the Bulgarian municipalities of Bregovo, Vidin and Lom are also nearby.
...
The organizations want their countries to ask Serbia to include them in transboundary consultations as potentially affected parties ... This would enable public authorities, local authorities and citizens in Romania and Bulgaria to receive the draft plan and strategic environmental assessment report in Romanian and Bulgarian languages, respectively, and participate in public consultations.
The organizations are also seeking independent assessments of transboundary and cumulative impacts. They want the assessments to include the expansion of the Južni revir open pit in Majdanpek and the diversion of the Mali Pek river. The Bulgarian organizations additionally requested that Serbia provide a written explanation if it decides not to include their country in the process.
...
The project includes the expansion of the Čukaru Peki underground mine and a new combined open pit and underground copper and gold mine, Malka Golaja, covering more than 1,000 hectares.
The proposed concept also includes a flotation tailings storage facility covering around 1,900 hectares in the Kriveljska river valley and a new metallurgical complex outside the urban part of Bor. The complex would comprise a smelter with an annual capacity of up to 400,000 tonnes and a sulfuric acid plant.
...
The planned use of water is of particular concern to the Romanian organizations. The documentation envisages the abstraction of more than 800 liters of water per second from Black Timok (Crni Timok or Crna reka in Serbian language), equivalent to approximately half of the river’s summer flow ... The petitioners warn of risks to water resources.
...
The plan envisages the possible resettlement of part of the local population. In their letter to the Romanian minister, the organizations particularly highlighted the potential impact on the Vlach ethnic minority, which accounts for around 60% of the population of the village of Krivelj.
The letter also states that more than 280 protected plant and animal species and 16 types of habitats of international importance have been identified within the planning area. The area includes archaeological sites around the villages of Nikoličevo and Slatina. Gamzigrad-Romuliana, which the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) declared a World Heritage Site , is located about six kilometers from the planned Malka Golaja mine.
...
The requests by the Romanian and Bulgarian organizations followed a criminal complaint against Zijin over suspected illegal logging at Malka Golaja. Serbia’s national forestry inspectorate subsequently ordered the work to be halted.
Timočka buna also noted that in 2020, the City of Bor filed a criminal complaint against the management of the existing smelter on its territory, over high concentrations of sulfur dioxide. In addition, Zijin was fined RSD 2 million (EUR 17,000) in 2024 for the illegal construction of a mining facility in Bor.
...
Meanwhile, a similar development regarding water resources appear to have found an end in Hungary after the election this spring and the subsequent change in government as the days when Chinese industry received a free pass from the Budapest government are over, a water shortage has seen to that.
Hungary faces an unprecedented water crisis. There are several causes, among them the years-long campaign by Viktor Orbán’s [former] government to lure heavily polluting and water-hungry Chinese battery factories to the country.
During Orbán’s 16 years in power, he guaranteed to Chinese investors vast amounts of water necessary for the production of batteries at Chinese-owned factories in the city of Debrecen and elsewhere.
Climate-driven droughts and soaring industrial water demands have made those promises impossible to keep without imposing unacceptable consequences on the population. That means difficult decisions have been dumped firmly in the lap of the country’s new leader, Péter Magyar.
Magyar is facing an immediate environmental emergency characterized by a severe nationwide drought and critically low water levels in rivers and groundwater. Following his victory in the April election, Magyar is also charting a path starkly different from the acquiescence of the Orbán government, and Chinese investors are falling in line ...
Archived