Your chart somewhat implys that infrastructure is strictly a federal issue when all 3 governmental levels play a role. Feds play a role in funding and transport across provincial borders, provinces play a role in funding for themselves and municipalities. Municipalities can decide how many lanes, specific speed limits, and transit development. Until very recently a municipality had all the power to build a bike lane themselves without provincial permission.

The way our cities are built are one of the biggest issues with our housing crisis. Increasing density is one of the best things we can do to build out of this crisis and for the most part, we don't need anything from the feds to do it, funding would be nice but its certainly possible to start without it.