The EU age verification system, of which I’m talking and of which the OP was about, is not baked into the OS. That might be the case in the US. I’m lucky I don’t live there. And this discussion here is about the EU system, not the US one.
Your ISP has a record over every single website you’ve visited and your payment provider knows 99% of all purchases you’ve made and your phone knows where you’ve been at all times. Your threshold for having to trust that laws prevent wanton use of all this information doesn’t shift with anonymous age gating.
Frankly the concerns you display in the post reveal to me that you’ve not spent a great detail looking into what’s actually being proposed.
I’d love to engage in this. Before we do that, please can we be clear if we are talking about the EU system, or the USA-proposed OS-based system? Given they are not the same, the reactions to these two systems have also not been the same.