I learned Japanese in a year in a really really really intense study program I made for myself but you can chill on it and be able to be conversational on it p quickly. Same for spanish which i also speak. (Tried to learn it on duolingo for 5 years but gave up with little progress and did it this way, like with Japanese.
Apps and textbooks have trouble teaching you languages that are spoken in REAL life. To learn a language you just need comprehensible input. I also used flashcards to study words with Anki.
The strategy I had was: Step 0: have good motivation to learn it(have friends/family/partners who speak the target language) Step 1: Learn the alphabet of the target language Step 2: Begin Study of the top 2000 most common words Step 3: Learn simply phrases preferably with those words that I would use. Step 4: begin speaking as soon as possible. I started speaking to people when I only had like 600 words under my belt. Step 5: Listen and Read childrens media related to the language(this part suuuuuuuucks) Step 6: As you are nearing the end of top 2000 words you'll encounter new words you might be curious about or you might want to use. Add these to your study deck. Step 7: Study simple common grammar rules. BUT DONT OVER DO THIS. (If you know 100 grammar rules but 10 words you cant say much, but if you speak 100 words and know 10 grammar rules you can communicate quite a bit. Think of it like grammar is a multiplier and words are the base number) Step 8: Speak, listen, read, and (if you like) write in the language as much as possible. Replace your TV with target language TV. Music with target language music. Try to focus on listening sometimes and other times just chill with it.
You have to be ok with embarrassing yourself. You're like a baby learning, just keep going. Eventually youll find you can string entire thoughts and jokes together. Repetition is super important, input and use stuff over and over and it becomes second nature and you understand or speak it without thinking, much like your native language.
Around 10,000 words is what is known and spoken for most young adults. Focus on stuff your interested in or stuff you think youll need to talk about. If anki sucks to do and you cant keep it up just focus more on input with the language through other sources like media or books.
Depending on the difficulty of the target language you can get conversational p fast. Remember, babies are stupid and take like 18 years to get to 10,000 words. But we're smart adults and can structure our study towards our goals.
If anyone here uses duolingo for learning I promise you literally Anki flashcards are better (and thats not perfect for learning a language) Duolingo practices memorization of phrases more than actual spoken language. Its for rich tourists who need to pack in a couple phrases.
I took duolingo for 5 years to learn spanish and I couldn't understand anything spoken to me or really read that much at all. But I created my own study method based on how we ACTUALLY learn languages and I learned japanese in a year. OFC im not perfect at japanese but im like B1~B2 area. I've even started discussing marxism with my japanese friends.
Just use Anki for studying individual words, learn grammar through free resources, and LISTEN,READ, WRITE, AND SPEAK the language for the love of god. Find books in the target language for kids, find friends who are also learning or better yet, who are natives in the target language.
Duolingo is a massive massive massive waste of time. It's tricking you with the "gamifying" mechanics. Opiod of the masses is a satisfying ding and bright colors sdgdfasfgsfdgasdfsgsdfgsdgfsdf.
No but seriously, it's way easier than it seems to learn a language. ESP now with the internet.