I didn’t read the whole post.
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Personally, I would not recommend diving into Linux headfirst by installing it as your only operating system. If you can afford an additional small drive (128GB should be plenty), I would suggest buying one and installing something like Linux Mint on that, while putting Windows on your main drive.
That way, you can switch between them whenever you want to (when you turn on your computer, you can just use a menu to choose which drive to boot to), and get somewhat familiar with Linux before deciding if it's worth your time to really dive in.
(There's a way to put both operating systems on the same drive, but it's really easy for something to go wrong and end up with one of the operating systems inaccessible. Since you're inexperienced, I would avoid going that route for the time being, and just keep both on separate drives.)
I second the point to avoid dual-booting from a single hard drive. If you want both Windows and Linux, just get a 2nd hard drive and save yourself the inevitable headache. Windows doesn't know how to share.
As a casual user of Linux (no strong inclination or skill in coding), I tend to veer towards distros that minimize the Terminal usage in favor of graphical user interfaces for accomplishing most changes. Modern Linux distros are a lot friendlier in terms of installing Software from a distro store and graphic drivers via a graphical interface. You won't ever fully be able to eliminate the terminal usage, as it's inevitable for certain tasks like adding PPAs on Ubuntu for example. It was honestly word salad for me during my first foray into the Linux world; but now I have a basic understanding of the Linux kernel and how it functions on a very surface level. I know enough to string commands together and understand the reason why it's necessary to do things in a certain order.
I'm not sure if you'd have a good time with Linux, I'm hesitant to tell you to take the plunge because you will have to faff around with the terminal and use commands at times to accomplish certain things. That requires both focus and patience, which is not something which is naturally difficult for those with ADHD (unless a hyperfixation is quite strong). I'd give yourself time to think about switching for a while, ultimately you might be better sticking with the current OS that you're using.
I'm both experienced and know jack shit because there is just too much to learn. I just started using it (1998ish) to make cool looking UIs. Its been my daily driver for 15 years now.
You will never learn it all. Over time you may become more familiar with the terminal or you may not. Doesn't matter. You do you.
Its pretty easy to test drive. Grab a distros "Live CD" version, put in on a thumb drive, reboot and play around. This wont be persistent. When you're ready, install it on an external SSD. Play around some more now that your edits will be persistent. You'll mess up. Take notes. Start again once you've hosed your system.
I've only used Linux in a virtual environment to mess with, also Mint as you've been suggested before and re-suggested here, and I don't think I've touched the command line yet. I don't have much familiarity with other distros but if you're just wanting to start messing with Linux, I'd add to the pile of people suggesting Mint.
I think I know where you're coming from on this. Linux is very cool in a lot of ways, and it is very flexible and fun to play with. But it does require an investment of learning and time to get more familiar with it. And that can be frustrating/overwhelming to face. And like you, I find the whole cult-like vibe around it annoying.
I first got familiar with Linux many years ago, mostly out of curiosity. But also because I liked the ideas of using it and the idea of having another OS option other than Windows/MacOS. While I am still not a Linux expert, I feel like I can get around the OS competently. And in hindsight I think it was worth the time I spent getting familiar with it.
Also, like you in not a pursuit when it comes to terminal use in Linux. Give me a nice UI option any day if the week. And to be fair, many Linux distro have come a long way with their UIs in the last 20 of so years.
If you just want to tinker with a solid distro that has a decent UI, I recommend either Ubuntu or Zorin. Also, I recommend trying to pace yourself with learning it. Only pick the parts that interest you, and take your time learning about them. There's no rush. Good luck.
ETA: Also, if you want to play with a couple of different Linux distros, I recommend using a virtualization app like VirtualBox. You can just spin up virtual machines and install a distro on them. And if they don't work out or you don't like them you can just delete the VMs. And virtualization is a fun little rabbit hole in and of itself.
Let me put it this way, decide if you want to fuck around for hours to get everything working as you want it (and yes, that will most probably involve the terminal or trusting random people's suggestions) or if you prefer to keep using something you know just works.