Like, half of the jobs you listed would be automated out pretty quick in a world without money

If that was even remotely possible, companies would've done that already. Every company tries to cut staff as much as possible.

pretty sure we can find something better for batteries than lithium

Which requires research, which requires investment. Much of the research we currently have only exists exactly because of funding, and a lot of funding is done by companies, not by the government.

What’s left can be rotated out or done by lottery, and those doing the undesirable labor get to have more luxury items or whatever

I like the "whatever". Let's just introduce a shitty system that also potentially forces people to do work they don't want to do and they get like a bar of soap or "whatever" as reward..

It’s not hard to imagine, people have been doing it for centuries.

I don't know where these people lived that you talk about, but it certainly wasn't on this planet. Such a system has never existed.