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this post was submitted on 01 Jun 2025
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Merging early leaves unused road. Shoving the cars into fewer lanes makes the traffic jam longer and makes it impact more interesections far behind the actual hangup. If you can merge early without slowing down, sure go for it. I'm mostly talking about the scenarios where it's already slowed to a crawl and people feel like they have to merge early to not be seen as "cutting in line."
Edit, also to add, if everyone merges early even at speed, eventually, the car density in the reduced lanes will reach a point where people naturally slow down and you have bumper to bumper traffic.
I suggest Traffic by Tom Vanderbilt for more.
"Unused road" is ridiculous except in extremes. Unless people merge well over a mile back, 1 lane of traffic will make no difference. The only way "unused road" matters is for the people that haven't entered the traffic jam yet who are getting off before they reach it.
Very few people (from what I've seen) merge more than 30 car lengths out. 30 cars is not going to make a difference.
What does make a difference is the fact that we can't do a merge at speed because some people want to "zipper late." It's the zipper behavior that matters, the "at the very end" part never should've been added to that recommendation.
Looking at an actual research paper about this, the zipper merge demonstrated is not at the last possible point. A merge point forms ahead of that point and that's what should be used. The pictures from their study show the zipper occurring over a wide area with many of the zipped cars driving in the middle.
https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/35694
I don't know how studies like this have become the recommendations we have. They seem to me to miss critical bits.
Edit: based on my quick read, it's worth noting the study finds only minimal support for the zipper merge and only in contexts not involving trucks largely based on visual analysis from their video feed as the quantitative data was not statistically significant. We need better transparency on recommendations like this frankly and the research supporting them. We should be able to have an honest debate on the merits of the papers.