Of all the placard photos to choose to highlight, Nature could have found better than "science = fact" which seems to me more a proclamation of faith than encouragement of experiment.
Regarding the somewhat strange differences between countries, I suspect there may be a linguistic issue - words like "science" and "trust" have different scope in different cultures and systems - hard to ask the same questions everywhere.

23% of participants think that scientists pay only somewhat or very little attention to other views.

So does this mean then that 77% of participants think that this is NOT true (I could not find the Supplementary Figure S2 in this open pre-print to confirm), and if so, then why flip it around so that it looks like it means somewhat of the precise opposite of what it does mean?

Also, why should adults care what the opinions of toddlers are, or scientists care what the opinion is of someone who has not even so much as read a book or watched a video on a subject?

Now a peer review on the other hand... is very much a part of the scientific process, just as the method of hypothesis testing is to begin with. So if the above-quoted statement was meant to include non-scientists, then I question its relevance, while if it was meant to include scientists, then I question its accuracy.

End Rant.:-)