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In China, the burden of diet-related diseases remains substantial. While the overall age-standardized disease burden has declined, marked regional and demographic disparities persist.
Certain dietary risks, such as high red meat and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, are rising, and high sodium intake remains a serious concern. These trends highlight the urgent need for comprehensive, adaptable, and evidence-based nutrition policies to be implemented to address the evolving diet-related disease burden across diverse populations in China.
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In 2021, dietary risk factors accounted for 1.70 million deaths and 38.39 million DALYs [ disability-adjusted life years] among Chinese adults aged 25 years and older. The leading contributors were high sodium intake, low fruit consumption, and low whole grain intake. Cardiovascular diseases were the largest contributors to diet-related DALYs. The burden was more pronounced in males than in females and highest among older adults aged 80 years and older.
Substantial regional variation was observed, with the Northeastern and Western regions showing higher burden.
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Low vegetable intake, once ranked the third in 1990, dropped to the 12th by 2021, while high red meat consumption rose from the 15th to 7th place. Although the ranking of high-sugar beverage consumption did not change, the ASR-DALYs rate increased significantly, with a percentage change of 689.14% between 1990 and 2021.
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