My friendship.

It's full of love, support, and it's free.

There are different kinds of cults. Cult is a different thing from religion. It doesn't belong on the same axis. But we can continue the thought if we define it as religious cult.

The scale is about excessive binding, control, rituals, restrictions, belief systems. If the left is the extreme, then towards the right we have weaker restrictions upon the belief system. The belief becomes weaker, and the beliefs do not have to restrict other and own people's activities and beliefs.

Religion in the middle makes no sense. It should be the label on the scale. "Religious extremism" or similar. Maybe narrow, restrictive, totalitarian.

I don't know specific terminology for the right side. Maybe open or unrestrictive practice of religion.

The key difference between religions and cults, is the level of restrictions on outside information.

On that scale cults are at one end, religion in the middle, and science at the other end.

Ska band?

Club

A community in which everyone has equal power and acts in solidarity with one another

Belief , like the traditional cult of the ancestors in China, where you have no "priest" or "guru", it is just a bunch of people relying on elders to mimick the rituals, but in fact nobody remember it well, it is all disorganized, and nobody is really checking for "correctness" as much as checking if the commitment is done with intent. So the opposite of having a strong vertical domination by one person (cult) or an organized institution (religion) is a weak control of the rites by anyone (belief)

Bowling league

First and foremost, not all cults are negative. From that point we can have the scale be cult specific.

Negative Cult(-1) - Benign Cult (0) - Positive Cult (+1)

The opposite I would assume would be non spiritual groups of people who connect in another way outside of something "spiritual", without a set standard for beliefs provided by a singular leader required to be member to the group.

Negative Group(-1) - Benign Group (0) - Positive Group(+1)

Philosophy or science?

book reading club?

I don't think this is smth that is to be put on a scale.

You can force the matter by choosing a narrative.

I mean you could argue for self deification, science, totalitarianism. Anything could be forced to make sense.

Now from your angle, where a groups beliefs offer predominantly positive benefits, eco restoration groups, foss folks, creative commons collective etc.

I would say philosophy.