this post was submitted on 19 Mar 2025
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The Linux Ship of Theseus

  1. pick any distro and install it.

  2. Then, without installing another distro over the top of it, slowly convert it into another distro by replacing package managers, installed packages, and configurations.

System must be usable and fully native to the new distro (all old packages replaced with new ones).

No flatpaks, avoid snaps where physically possible, native packages only.

EDIT: Some clarification on some of the clever tools brought up here:

chroot, dd, debootstrap, and partition editors that allow you to install the new system in an empty container or blanket-overwrite the old system go against the spirit of this challenge.

These are very useful and valid tools under a normal context and I strongly recommend learning them.

You can use them if you prefer, but The ship of Theseus was replaced one board at a time. We are trying to avoid dropping a new ship in the harbor and tugging the old one out.

It may however be a good idea to use them to test out the target system in a safe environment as you perform the migration back in the real root, so you have a reference to go by.


Easy: pick two similar distros, such as Ubuntu and Debian or Manjaro and Arch and go from the base to the derivative.

Medium: Same as easy but go from the derivative to the base.

Hard: Pick two disparate distros like Debian and Artix and go from one to the other.

Nightmare: Make a self-compiled distro your target.

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[–] [email protected] 3 points 7 hours ago

May, I introduce you to bedrock

[–] [email protected] 5 points 8 hours ago

This is what I was doing with my server. I've learned there's no better feeling than starting from scratch.

[–] [email protected] 4 points 8 hours ago

Ummm you go first.

[–] [email protected] 5 points 10 hours ago (1 children)

Love the idea of the challenge, my issue would be lack of a validator tool to confirm I'd completed the challenge - any suggestions?

[–] [email protected] 3 points 1 hour ago

You use the new franken system to do an update to the new version of that distro's flavour without bricking the system.

[–] [email protected] 3 points 9 hours ago

The compiled distros should be easy instead of nightmare tbh

[–] [email protected] 3 points 10 hours ago

Theoretically one could also prohibit rebooting.

IIRC kexec is pivot_root but for the kernel.

[–] [email protected] 8 points 16 hours ago* (last edited 16 hours ago) (1 children)

So, any distro to any other distro?

  • Installs Fedora Silverblue
  • Rebases to Bazzite

Jobs done chief!

[–] [email protected] 5 points 16 hours ago (1 children)

installs ubuntu, converts to mint. bam.

[–] [email protected] 8 points 15 hours ago

The beauty of this exercise is you can make it as easy or challenging as you want just by changing the targets, and finding different combinations can keep things interesting.

[–] [email protected] 9 points 17 hours ago

kid named nixos-infect:

[–] [email protected] 71 points 1 day ago (2 children)

I would watch a YouTube series doing this

[–] [email protected] 27 points 1 day ago

whoever runs the channel will singlehandedly cause a worldwide antidepressant shortage

[–] [email protected] 8 points 22 hours ago (1 children)

Reminds me of MattKC, a guy on YouTube who does similar stuff. He ported the .Net framework to win95. very interesting videos, if think this challenge would be exactly his type.

[–] [email protected] 8 points 20 hours ago (1 children)

Love him. His lego island port has been a pleasure to watch.

[–] [email protected] 5 points 20 hours ago

Oh he's the Lego Island guy, I thought he sounded familiar.

[–] [email protected] 54 points 1 day ago (1 children)
[–] [email protected] 49 points 1 day ago

But the rules say the system must be usable.

[–] [email protected] 13 points 22 hours ago (1 children)

I "broke" linux mint just by trying to pop KDE on, had to timeshift because it messed up my keyboard layout and a whole bunch of other things with my display.

I don't know how people do these crazy changes without pain, and have a feeling the answer is simply "there's pain" 😂

[–] [email protected] 4 points 9 hours ago

Reminds me of trying NsCDE… it changed a ton of settings and no other desktop looked right after that. I ended just blowing away my home folder and restoring my files

[–] [email protected] 15 points 23 hours ago

New Game+: speedrun it

[–] [email protected] 6 points 20 hours ago

I think it would be very interesting to convert e.g. a regular Fedora installation into a (so-called “immutable”) Fedora Silverblue installation or vice-versa.

[–] [email protected] 12 points 23 hours ago

I have seen dozens of systems migrated from Gentoo to CentOS by live swapping the userspace and eventually rebooting into the new kernel. A hair raising experience to be sure.

[–] [email protected] 24 points 1 day ago

Reminds me of a recent post someone converted their system from Debian to OpenBSD via SSH only

[–] [email protected] 24 points 1 day ago (1 children)

“Medium: Same as easy but go from the derivative to the base.”

I can't quite recall, but I think I did exactly that with Ubuntu -> Debian once upon a time. I think Ubuntu was only a year or so old though, so there wasn't a huge amount of divergence back then. As a bonus anecdote I also attempted a semi-successful build of Gentoo on a PPC Mac around the same time (nothing before or after that has compared in its level of nightmare).

[–] [email protected] 5 points 1 day ago

I also attempted a semi-successful build of Gentoo on a PPC Mac around the same time (nothing before or after that has compared in its level of nightmare).

Amen!

[–] [email protected] 15 points 1 day ago

To add sadism on top of masochism, tell all your friends how you did it in great detail

[–] [email protected] 13 points 1 day ago (1 children)

I once switched from Debian i386 to amd64 in-place. That was MUCH harder than you would expect, I guess somewhere between medium and hard in your list. That server is still running that install btw, so in the end it all worked out.

[–] [email protected] 3 points 10 hours ago (1 children)

I had forgotten about doing that myself. I did that on a couple servers once the distros had full 64 bit builds. Does that technically count as an architecture swap in-place as well?

[–] [email protected] 1 points 2 hours ago

Absolutely, that's basically the same thing

[–] [email protected] 5 points 20 hours ago (1 children)

debootstrap makes this easy, and familiarity with that process introduces chroot skills.

[–] [email protected] 1 points 20 hours ago* (last edited 20 hours ago) (1 children)

This goes against the spirit of the challenge, but as its a singleplayer game (unless you bring friends and SSH!) you can definitely choose to allow dd, chroot, and similar tools

[–] [email protected] 4 points 20 hours ago (1 children)

it is pretty terrifying to debootstrap over ssh. constantly checking that you're on the correct system, and using the chrooted terminal. it's like a high wire act. at least the first few times.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 17 hours ago* (last edited 15 hours ago)

Oh I totally believe that. I can imagine how stressful that is.

[–] [email protected] 3 points 21 hours ago (1 children)

Shouldn't everyone that installed Arch the right way be able to do it on most distros, simply after installing Pacman?

Though I think changing (shrink, create new, migrate, delete old) the partition layout would count as installing another distro on top...

Want a challange? Start with something like Silverblue.

[–] [email protected] 3 points 20 hours ago

Arch already has apt in the repo, so I'd imagine it's not super hard to build your own Debian from there.

[–] [email protected] 5 points 1 day ago

It is quite easy to go slackware -> gentoo from what I remember but minimalist distros might be cheating

[–] [email protected] 5 points 1 day ago

Linux From Scratch rulez!

Migrate from Nix to Linux From Scratch!

[–] [email protected] 2 points 1 day ago (1 children)

Is that even possible? I'm already in panic when I remove a package and it's dependencies with pacman 😅.

Sure I did replaced Thunar with Nemo, but a few things don't work exactly how it should, like opening the download directory from Firefox (Known issue BTW) even though all mime-types are correctly set !

Even switching from Alternative -> Base distro seems like a really difficult task :/

[–] [email protected] 9 points 23 hours ago

Possible? Absolutely. Pleasant? Hell, no.

[–] [email protected] -3 points 22 hours ago* (last edited 22 hours ago) (3 children)

I am not educated enough about this, but don't these kind of games unnecesarrily strain all the servers that host the packages for people that really need them for download and most of these people run these servers for free in good will and faith that they will serve meaningful needs with positive impact? I am sorry for spoiling the fun, but I felt like I had to point this out.

[–] [email protected] 5 points 16 hours ago* (last edited 15 hours ago)

As other commenters have said, its about as strenuous as doing two normal installs.

However, if you want to do this challenge but feel guilty about the consumed resources, consider donating to the two distros you are performing this with to cover any additional service costs. In all likelihood it'll only cost them fractions of pennies, but any reason to donate to FOSS is always appreciated.

[–] [email protected] 14 points 22 hours ago

How is this any less meaningful than any other use case? Is downloading a distro to play video games ok? To shitpost on social media? To watch clickbait videos on youtube? Why is this in particular a bad use of resources?

[–] [email protected] 8 points 22 hours ago (1 children)

No? It's the same amount of "strain" as doing two full OS installs of the different distros.

[–] [email protected] 2 points 16 hours ago* (last edited 16 hours ago)

You are kind of right. I should have thought about that before commenting.