I am not a lawyer, so take it with a grain of salt, but looking at the Mietrechtsgesetz (law of tenancy), § 16b "Kaution", it says that the landlord must deposit the rent deposit into a savings account (or something that has a similar yield, is as secure and separates it from the wealth of the landlord), and yes, assuming there are no damages that need to be paid, it seems the landlord is obliged to return the rent deposit including all interest. Upon request, the landlord must inform you about the savings account in writing. The similar-yield-as-a-savings-account-thing is quite wishy-washy, unfortunately.
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This eases my mind a bit, but yeah I'm afraid that paying high kaution and staying in an apartment for years means that the money is just losing a lot of value. 4500e is insane amount of money to just put away but the rental market is what it is. This answered my question, Danke sehr!
IANAL but this page says yes. There are no fixed rules for how much interest, but the common understanding from previous court cases is that it should be roughly equivalent to the interest you'd get in a savings account.
Danke sehr! This was really useful, checking the translated word for deposit interest rate led me to check on AT National bank what is considered "industry standard" interest rate (Sparzinsen Entwicklung) and seems about right, normal saving account rates.
This link should help.
https://www.oesterreich.gv.at/themen/bauen_wohnen_und_umwelt/wohnen/3/1/Seite.210221.html
Answer to your question:
Yes, the landlord is required to pay back the rent deposit with interest.
Danke sehr! The link is very helpful and this answered my question!