Linux is a kernel. If you try to define it as more you’ll find yourself in a land of contradictions due to previously mentioned examples.

Android is “Linux”. It might not have GNU userland or X11/Wayland. It is essentially a commoditised appliance but there’s Linux kernel there. KDE runs on many different Unix-like systems, it’s not something that defines Linux.

If I log into a remote Linux shell where a system administrator locked me out of most of the things, does it make it less Linux?