Prices go up because companies can get rich.
Oil and gas prices increase and the energy costs go up, oil and gas prices go down and energy costs stay mostly the same. Oil and gas prices are expected to increase in the future (see: Iran war) and the prices go up instantly. When the oil costs actually start to increase the companies start crying crocodile tears and the government reduces taxes on fuel to allegedly take off pressure from consumers... and the companies still increase the price, just a bit less than the costs thus taking a big chunk of those tax cuts as profits, too, ontop of the earlier price increase already accounting for their costs. When oil price goes down again the tax reduction runs out and the difference is directly transfered to the consumers for another end user/profit increase.
The obvious result: oil and gas companies for the last few years constantly break their own records for profit margins again and again. So yeah, they understand demand and supply: there is demand so they can take any amount of money independent of supply unless laws/goverments reign them in. Which the corrupt German one won't do.
Instead they increase red-tape for renewables and more importantly storage and build more gas power plants.
(Fun fact: Guess who is actively criticising the government's idiotic gas plans that are destined to increase energy costs even more: the industry suffering from it. Guess who spend years criticising the government's flip-flopping on the EV transition: the car industry. Yet they still happen, because the corrupt government is not working for the people, the economy or the country but for their rich fossil fuel donors. Those indeed are very happy with their constantly increasing profits and insane plans to fortify gas and oil dependence for decades.)