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this post was submitted on 20 Jul 2026
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Feels eerily similar to the present day in the US, in which many workers trust their retirement to the stock market. If any revolution comes to the US, I think it would necessarily be tied to a crash that wipes out savings similar to this. That would shatter the illusion of the petty bourgeois and professional-managerial class.
There is much of this first chapter that feels as though it rhymes with our current time and place. This is definitely one of those moments. However, while I agree with the idea that a crash like this would shake awake the middle classes, I don't know that I can see it happening in quite the same way again. People are convinced that either our conflict with Iran, or the AI bubble popping, could cause such a catastrophe in the world markets. However, thus far, that hasn't happened. I think 2008 was the closest we've come to a repeat of history, but even that didn't shake the foundations as much as we could have imagined. 2016 was certainly the byproduct of that crack in the foundation, and a decade latter, we're still struggling to gain momentum. I'm not sure that either of our current catastrophe potential formations would result in anything much bigger than 2008. China seems bent on managing the oil crisis through a down turn in their consumption of oil. In some ways, China is also managing the deflation of the AI bubble through their open source approach to AI development and distribution. A serious amount of errors would have to arise for a global crisis as staggering as the 1929 crash to come about again. However, what I do see happening, is the devaluation of the PMCs labor. The mass adoption of AI is an attack on the PMCs contributions to production, even if it's true that AI isn't a real replacement for their work. The tech sector has been working overtime to proletarianize everyone with a computer science degree, leaving people with high level skill sets fighting for new work and lower wages in a massive pool of workers. These people absolutely constitute part of the PMC in my view. But I'm sure we could debate this endlessly.
Incoming yap / rambling ideas on this.
I’ll venture a bit out of scope of the book discussion to bounce some ideas about the professional-managerial class and its relation to “artificial intelligence.” Maybe this is a common sentiment, maybe not, I don’t really keep up with this discourse. But I think Marxists continue to struggle to find a sweet spot on a proper analysis of the current “AI” bubble.
You mentioned PMC labor devaluation. I have been thinking, is this really properly understood as devaluation, or is it a correction, a regression to the mean? If it is a correction, then it needs to be analyzed why and how, before now, the PMC enjoyed such high wages relative to both the broader proletariat and their own education.
I think what “AI” has demonstrated is how deeply intertwined is financial speculation within the productive process within the imperial core. It is easy to conclude that the capitalists have lost all their sense and fully detached from reality if they believe what they say about “AI”. But I think they understand perfectly well the ridiculousness of the proposition. It is like when Grandma makes her favorite recipe — when she asks if everyone likes it, there won’t be a single person at the table who does not smile, nod, and choke down the burnt casserole, because they love Grandma. Well, Zuckerberg and Musk and Bezos love the stock market and the immense wealth it provides them.
Speculation around “AI” is not a new idea. What I want to suggest is that speculation of this kind has been not only a significant, but the defining aspect of western capital for several decades, at least starting from the dotcom bubble. In these conditions, the purpose of the high PMC wages is to fuel speculation. This is counter-intuitive if someone continues to think in a Capital Vol 1 mindset, in which capital always minimizes costs. Quite the contrary now. Capital tolerates increases in certain kinds of costs when those costs (1) fuel speculation and (2) justify increased rent-seeking from clients, especially governments. It does not matter to Microsoft if they pay a developer at 3x their real value, if that 3x is guaranteed to be passed through to the consumer and it adds to the brand prestige, not dissimilar from Louis Vuitton or Lamborghini or other luxury brands. So on top of speculation there are royalties, license fees, and other types of economic rent.
This brings two conclusions. First is that this “AI” speculation is the continuation of a norm, and not remarkably new. Second is that the rules surrounding wage price formation for the PMC follow a different logic from the standard kind from Das Kapital. Here there is a tendency to increase wages outside of the rationality assumed in Das Kapital. What we might see in the next 10 years is a collapse of PMC wages, not because anyone believes “AI”, but because the economic rent has dried up — on this point you were very correct to bring up the Chinese “AI” models as a kind of controlled bubble-pop because they act as a foil to the speculation.
Yeah I agree with that assessment, but I think there is much more at play here. However it all really depends on what constitutes the PMC in our assessments. In my reading there are two strains of thought that encompasses the PMC. The first is that the PMC is a true class in the Marxist sense, in that its relationship to the means of production create for it a class position in society that lives in contradiction with the bourgeois and the working class. That it is not subject to the same forces that the working class is subject to, and that their proximity to the means of production as its managers and directors leave it in this privlaged position. They may sell their labor on the market, but are distinct from the working class through their monopolizing of mental labor. That they, by virtue of their status as a class, can and do reproduce their own class heirs able to inherit their class position.
The other strain simply places the PMC on a more aristocratic position then the rest of the working class. Their proximity to the means of production doesn't actually create a privileged class position within society and they are all still subject to the forces of proletarianization as any other petite bourgeois element of society. I do believe they constitute a form of petite bourgeois since in many cases these positions come with them capital benefits like stock options, advanced retirement funds etc. They can be highly paid but also compensated in ways that other members of the working class cannot. Buy also, its clear that the PMC is being eroded as its members are able to enter Into the capitalist class, or fall down the ladder through proletarianization.
So, while I think its true that the PMC is a over stuffed and over paid group of the working class I think the impact that "AI" has on their class position isn't just in the inflation of their wage, but also truly a threat to their actual labor, or more accurately the light that illuminates the true lack of productivity they actually create, since most of the PMC is comprised of people directing and bossing those who implement and execute the productive process. Regardless of what the "real" productivity increases (if any) that AI engenders, I think there are some roles which will be impacted in the long term as the current capabilities become more and more accessible. The interjection of Chinese open source AI gives the capitalists an out from this trend to some degree. It allows them to utilize whatever labor replacing power they perceive AI to have, but outside the circuit that currently maintains this bubble. Instead of paying into this Open AI -> NVIDIA -> Data Center -> Power Generation circuit, they can deploy open models at their scale through their own infrastructure.
This drastically changes the calculation of the cost to productivity ratio that simply doesn't make sense in the current model. While it doesn't represent a real dataset, I know of a company that adopted "AI" on the backs of a MASSIVE reduction in C Suite roles. Should a company in that position find themselves in sticker shock after the first usage pricing bill hits the finance department, I can imagine someone suggesting they either A) move to a Chinese model or B) hosting their own Chinese model in house, instead of retreating and hiring back the C Suite employees who they fired.
Either would require a lower wage worker to effectively implement and manage this transition or implementation which is still cheaper then paying for the wage and benefits of the C Suites. I'm this reality, even if the "gains" of productivity are fictitious, the company still created a huge net downturn in wage spending and gets to continue this insane "AI" play for another quarter. However, I don't think this will result in a lower wage for the PMC overall, since if you cut half of that strata from your company as the one I know did, you can afford to pay the remaining C Suites their same wage and benefits. What it actually represents is a reduction in the "necessary" number of actual managers in any one organization. Should that happen it could reduce the overall "socially necessary labor time" for the given product or service to be produced. SNLT is the total of all labor time it takes to create a thing, if you reduce the number of managers and still manage to produce the same volume of goods/services then that represents a reduction in SNLT.
Let's imagine for a moment (and its likely to not be imaginary) that AI is actually a null impact on productivity. If the total of PMC employed is reduced even by say 2% "because of AI", but the productive output isn't impacted in any way, then it means that 2% of the PMC existed in a position where they contributed nothing to the productive process, since, in this situation AI also contributes nothing. These productivity "gains" can be attributed to "AI", even if it too provided nothing. "We implemented AI in our processes to reduce the overall necessary staff, and it resulted in sustained output".
In this way the AI narrative provides ideological cover, presenting a discipline of capital as a technological inevitability. It also allows firms to claim increased “efficiency” to shareholders while the actual productive base remains unchanged. What is left over would be those PMC most willing to play along with this kind of kabuki performance in order to maintain their status in the hierarchy.
I think its correct to identify that these wages are inflated. It represents the kind of surplus generated by monopoly capital. At some point this surplus can't be reinvested and spills over into the more unproductive sides of the labor process. I think the capitalist understands that these wages are necessary to entice people to seek a seat at the PMC table though. Should the wages drop, then the whole alure of this position in the hierarch is dispelled, but, if you can mask the reduction in PMC labor as some kind of technology inevitability then you get to keep the prestige of the PMC, and if anything make the club more exclusive and more aligned with the goals of capital.
Good points. As to whether PMC is a class, I think no, because it has neither independence as a class, nor any tendency toward a future independence. Contrast this with the bourgeoisie in the feudal era, who by the force of commerce had an ascendant trajectory and increasing autonomy on the basis of private property. The most that any proletarian, be they PMC or the lowest paid worker, can hope for, is a rise to bourgeois class position.
However it remains critical to analyze this fraction of the proletariat because their interests are somewhat detached from the broader class. From the small amount I’ve read on this topic, I don’t really agree with one attitude that seems to moralize about whether the wages are deserved or if the PMC do “real” work. They still do work, far more work than the bourgeoisie for sure.
The rise of the PMC in my opinion is not hard to understand if one looks less at what the workers themselves are doing, and instead examines what capital is doing. Here I would say that the emergence of the PMC is intrinsically tied to the emergence of monopoly finance capital, and global neoliberalism more generally. People focus too much on the numerical salary of a doctor, when the focus should be why it costs hundreds of thousands of dollars to be educated as a doctor in western countries. The secondary education system is highly extractive of rent, and this has effects like the divergence of wages depending on education. Economic rent is part of the equation before the PMC workers ever sign a contract. Furthermore there is the financial speculation I mentioned before, which has two purposes. One, it helps the stock price and the image of the company if their labor force is highly paid, because it upholds a narrative that the product is impossibly complex and worthy of the (patent protected) license fees etc. Secondly, and apart from this whole situation is a problem, that there is an excess of capital that needs somewhere to go, and highly speculated stock prices are a sink for this. So irrationality is a necessary part of the process, not something to be corrected from the pov of the capitalist class.