If anything, this is a good environmental measure, because the single-use devices tend to be thrown into household trash (despite the Li battery and the electronics) or at the side of the road. More costly reusable devices enforce longer use times.

It also increases the cost of picking up the habit if you have to invest in a recachargeable device first.

The French are notorious for hating cigarettes!

Drugs being more expensive (initially) is definitely something that stops young people (who are usually poor) from getting regular access to them. It's probably one of the most effective ways to reduce drug usage.