In my experience, the more goal/achievement oriented a person is in their relationship to nature, the more likely they are to care for it.
Appalachian trail thru hikers, for example, are far more likely to know and follow leave no trace principles, and will enforce these principles on each other via informal social tactics. Hikers who cut the handles off their toothbrushes to save a few grams of weight would be appalled at the prospect of leaving their garbage behind at a campsite or on the side of the trail. The people who dump their garbage everywhere tend to be people who come to the forest for a party, or to have a picnic.
Similarly, the Everest climbers leaving all the trash are chasing the vague goal of "get to the top". But high end alpinists leave no trash behind. They leave no fixed lines, and do not carry bottled oxygen, and so cannot leave the bottles. Whatever the underlying motivations, they want to achieve a significant feat, and they want to do it "in good style" - in a way that meets their community's approval. And the community is quite clear that good style requires leaving no (or very little) trace. Climbing Everest with fixed lines and sherpa and oxygen would be embarassing for any serious alpinist.