In regards to Signal, this is largely not true. Sealed sender has been signal's metadata hiding protection for like 6 years or something. The only information signal has is your phone number, your account creation time, and the last time you contacted their servers.
They also have a server implementation on github, so it seems to be open source to me. (I could be missing something though)
You are right though, that it uses centralized servers and requires a phone number, which are sticking points for a lot of people.