Disclaimer: this is purposefully obtuse.
Other effects in the game which explicitly state they kill you:
Shadows, succubi, massive damage, death saving throws, beholder death ray (notably not even their disintegration ray kills you), power word kill, vampires, mind flayers, night hags, drow inquisitors.
Clearly, if they intended for disintegration to kill you, they'd have said so. Since specific overrides general, and there is no general rule that disintegrated creatures are dead, I rest my case. QED.
Probably should go join the Thousand ~~Suns~~ Sons. They might set you up with some nice power armor.
Thousand Sons*
Also, pretty sure that it comes with a permanent controlling enchantment subjugating them to the next Sorcerer
If the speck of dust is sentient, then it's not really a rubricae. The suits of armor do nothing when not controlled
Well, that's a small problem compared to being a pile of dust without power armor.