When Jane and Hugh Kemp started planting Christmas trees in their woodland in the Yorkshire Dales in the 1960s, they had no idea what would take up residence in the conifers 25 years later.

At first, they were in disbelief. But the newcomers' striking orange-red colour and bushy tails were unmistakable.

Red squirrels had moved into Mirk Pot Woods, near Snaizeholme, and they remain there today on a reserve where they can live wild while the land is managed to protect them.

Should the apocalypse arrive, Wales as we know it may depend on conservationists Ellyn Baker and Kevin McGinn and their cotton bags full of seeds.

The duo are in charge of carefully collecting and storing native wild seeds to create a living genetic library that could restore the country's ecosystem after a disaster.

Ellyn, 25, and Kevin, 38, meticulously plan their summer so they can be in the right place at the right time when plants release their seed - a window of just days in some cases - that, if missed, can take several years to happen again.

“The world is grown so bad that wrens make prey where eagles dare not perch.” So wrote Shakespeare in Richard III, in a line of social commentary that feels ever more relevant with age.

A note of good news then, in a world of so much bad, that the eagles the Bard was probably referring to could finally be reintroduced to England after more than 150 years.

The golden eagle, which was common in Shakespearean England – and which he mentioned more than 40 times, according to some scholars – has been largely absent from the country’s skies, with only a handful of pairs seen in the past 150 years.

People in South Yorkshire are being encouraged to create their own home-made ponds in a bid to raise awareness about the importance of looking after rivers and wetlands.

Launching the campaign, Sheffield & Rotherham Wildlife Trust warned that local waterways were in "poor ecological and chemical health", meaning river catchments and neighbouring aquatic habitats had lower biodiversity than they should.

However, "mini ponds" created in as little as an hour could help boost biodiversity, a charity spokesperson said.

Scotland’s publicly-funded forestry bodies have spent more than £134m controlling deer over the last decade, The Ferret can reveal.

The country’s’s deer population is estimated to have reached more than one million, having doubled since the 1990s. In high concentrations, deer can cause numerous issues.

They include the deaths of an estimated 700 people in vehicle collisions in the UK every year, the environmental harm caused by trampling and overgrazing, poor animal welfare due to insufficient food and shelter for deer in winter, and steep economic costs.

While many of us enjoy watching birds at a feeder, the latest conservation advice suggests that the most sustainable way to support our feathered friends is to provide for them naturally.

As of 10 April, the RSPB is urging gardeners to change how they feed birds and to pause offering seeds and peanuts entirely during the summer months (1 May to 31 October). This new guidance is designed to combat the spread of avian diseases, particularly trichomonosis – a parasite that is currently decimating British finch populations. During these warmer months, the parasite survives longer and spreads more easily as birds congregate at feeders, turning busy feeding stations into disease hotspots.

It looks like there will be more drama at Glaslyn again this season, with the ospreys returning to the nest but seemingly going their separate ways...

Glaslyn duo Aran and Elen have returned from their winter migration but they have not been reunited on their nest in the Glaslyn Valley.

Aran returned on Saturday, 4 April, two weeks after the arrival of his partner Elen, whose fourth year it is in the Glaslyn Valley. They have raised five chicks together since 2023.

Woodland Trust Scotland advocates for the protection of Scotland’s precious native trees and ancient woodlands. But what are we actually protecting them from? And what can the next Scottish Parliament do to make that protection stronger?

Scotland’s native woods and trees are irreplaceable natural assets. They support biodiversity, store carbon, improve air and water quality, enhance urban communities and provide shade and shelter on our streets and on agricultural land. They are woven into Scotland’s national story in history and in literature. To an extent, we take the presence of our trees and woods for granted. But we shouldn’t, because they’re under significant threat from many angles, and they need our protection.

Take deer. Red and roe deer are native to Scotland, but their current numbers are anything but natural. The Scottish Government estimates there are a million deer in Scotland, with no natural predators left. That puts extraordinary pressure on our native woods and trees, as unmanaged deer and deer management objectives which don’t prioritise nature recovery often prevent woods from regenerating or expanding naturally, making woodland creation expensive by requiring costly fences and ongoing management.

The government has unveiled the first five species set to benefit from the largest ever amount of government funding for threatened species.

The turtle dove, diamond-backed spider, Eurasian oystercatcher, red-billed chough and glutinous snail are among the hundreds of species set to benefit from new funding for recovery projects across England.

The government will invest £60m over the next three years – more than double the previous round of funding – into the Species Recovery Programme, which is administered by Natural England. A further £30m will be dedicated to fund species recovery on the national forest estate.

The amount of glyphosate being applied to UK crop has risen by 1,000% since 1990, new data analysis from PAN UK has revealed.

Analysis of government data by the organisation revealed the amount of the herbicide being applied to UK crops rose from 200 metric tonnes in 1990 to more than 2,200 metric tonnes in 2024.

Major increases were particularly seen on crops like potatoes, which rose from 1.5 tonnes to 66 tonnes per year.

Keys facts: According to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, about a third of the global seaborne trade in fertilisers pass through the Strait of Hormuz(1). Essential components of fertiliser like urea and ammonia are made with energy-intensive production processes including gas. This means that, for efficiency, production tends to be clustered near low-cost gas producers, particularly around the Persian Gulf in countries like Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain the UAE and Iran. This density meant that a single Iranian strike on a Qatari facility has been reported as disrupting 1/7th of global urea production. Volatility in supply is likely to continue(2).

Fertiliser costs are surging for the second time in just 5 years after similar trade disruptions following the invasion of Ukraine caused fertiliser prices to spike to $815 per tonne in April 2022. This is more than four times the price of just over $200 per tonne in 2020(3). Arguably the situation is worse this time round as there is less spare production capacity elsewhere to fill the gap.

UK farmers – as well as those elsewhere – are rightly highlighting the risks of higher farm input costs, especially of red diesel and fertiliser, because of the Iran conflict. They are also simultaneously facing increasingly unpredictable and extreme weather events due to accelerating climate change. The deluges that put productive fields underwater in 2023/24 led to millions of pounds of government intervention to protect farmers with flooded fields.

One of the UK’s rarest coastal plants is being brought back from the brink thanks to a major conservation partnership working to restore its fragile habitat in North Wales.

Fewer than 5,000 Shore Dock plants remain in the wild worldwide. Now, conservationists are working to secure its future at Newborough, Anglesey – one of its most important sites – by restoring the conditions it needs to survive and reintroducing hundreds of carefully cultivated plants.

Last week, more than 500 Shore Dock plants were returned to the site in the first in a series of planned re-planting cycles.

Garden birds should not be fed seeds and nuts over the summer months, the RSPB has said, in an attempt to reduce the spread of avian diseases.

Bird lovers are being urged to take down their bird feeders between May and October to help birds such as the greenfinch, whose numbers have plummeted after the spread of trichomonosis, a parasitic disease transmitted more easily when birds cluster around feeders in the warmer months.

In new guidance, the RSPB is advising people to “feed safely and feed seasonally” by removing all bird feeders filled with seeds and peanuts and instead offering small amounts of protein such as mealworms, fat balls or suet from 1 May to 31 October, since they tend not to attract clusters of finches and protein is useful for the birds to feed their chicks.

A major increase in the number of volunteers taking part in the long-standing BTO/JNCC/RSPB Breeding Bird Survey (BBS), has resulted in greater coverage across Wales than ever before. The results show that it is not just numbers of volunteers on the up, as some bird species too are on the rise.

However, the new report highlighting the results of the survey, published this week, shows there are also continued declines for many species.

BBS is the main scheme for monitoring the population changes of the UK’s common and widespread breeding birds, producing population trends for 60 species in Wales.

‘Should it all just be renationalised?’ – your water crisis questions answered

Sandra Laville has been reporting on England’s sewage crisis for years. She answered your questions on the water privatisation scandal. Hosted by Guardian Moderators Wed 8 Apr 2026 15.57 CEST 221 Prefer the Guardian on Google

Guardian environment correspondent Sandra Laville’s reporting on the sewage crisis in English water has helped to expose a scandal of privatisation that has created a swell of fury across the political divide.

Sandra has now finished answering your questions. Read the Q&A below.

We know about honeybees and bumblebees, but most of the UK’s bees are neither: they’re solitary bees, loners who come in a dizzying range of sizes, colours and varieties – more than 240 species. Have you heard, for instance, of the hairy-footed flower bee? “They’re one of the first bees to emerge each year,” says Laura Larkin, the chief conservation officer at Buglife. “The males have got fantastic little fluffy bits on their feet.”

How about leaf-cutter bees, which chomp “a perfectly circular hole” out of leaves to build their nests? Or bright-orange tawny mining bees, wool-carder bees, ivy bees? “There are so many of them and I’m still learning,” says Kate Bradbury, a wildlife gardener, writer, bee lover and the author of One Garden Against the World. “They’re just great – there’s a solitary bee for every occasion.”

They’re also incredibly important pollinators. “They’re quite messy and just cover themselves in it,” says Larkin. “Because the pollen is a lot more loose on the bodies of solitary bees when they travel around from plant to plant, it’s more likely to fall off; it makes them a lot more efficient as pollinators than some of the other bees.” Estimates suggest that a single red mason bee provides the same pollination level as 120 worker honeybees. Good work, solitary bees.

Firefighters are continuing to tackle a moorland fire after a separate blaze that burned for two days was extinguished.

West Yorkshire Fire & Rescue said eight crews were still at the scene of the ongoing fire at Blackstone Edge on Marsden Moor.

A spokesperson said a fire in the Marsden Clough area, which broke out earlier, had been resolved, but people were still being asked to stay away from the moor.

Herts Environmental Records Centre (HERC) who curate biodiversity information for the county have just hit four million records. Read on to discover more about that milestone record and how HERC's data is used to inform decison-making in our everyday lives.

Herts Environmental Records Centre (HERC), who are hosted by Herts and Middlesex Wildlife Trust, have recently hit four million species observation records on their database, with a colourful waxcap mushroom found in a Watford churchyard being the milestone discovery.

HERC curates biodiversity information for the county, managing, collating, and updating comprehensive data on habitats, species, and sites across Hertfordshire. The information is used for local planning, conservation and research, to help users make connections between biodiversity and the world around them.

Innovative research suggests Bass Rock gannet colony may be stabilising after avian flu outbreak New research is shedding light on the health of one of the UK’s most important seabird colonies, suggesting it may be stabilising after the devastating outbreak of avian flu in 2022.

A team of researchers from the Scottish Seabird Centre, Edinburgh Napier University, the University of Edinburgh’s School of Geosciences, and the UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology have been using cutting-edge technology to better understand the health of one of the world’s largest colonies of northern gannets on Bass Rock.

In a first for Bass Rock, a 2025 drone survey captured detailed images of the entire colony, enabling a manual count of approximately 52,459 nesting sites. This suggests that over 100,000 gannets may currently breed on the island each year. Although these findings indicate that numbers may have stabilised since the sharp declines seen after the 2022 avian flu outbreak, the population remains 30% below its previous size.

Farmland birds that "define Britain's countryside" are on the brink of being lost forever, a wildlife charity has warned.

Experts at Wiltshire Wildlife Trust say species including lapwings, snipes, and grey partridges have seen declines of about 90% in some areas where their habitats have been destroyed or damaged.

The charity is now hoping to raise £20,000 to restore hedgerows and other habitats in Braydon Forest, which runs between Wiltshire and Gloucestershire.

The National Trust’s wetlands project officer has described the effect of four Eurasian beavers on the ecosystem as astonishing, a year after they were reintroduced into the wild in England for the first time in 400 years.

Beavers were hunted to extinction in England in the 16th century and remained absent until a year ago, when a landmark project announced by the National Trust, Defra and Natural England released two pairs relocated from Scotland into a freshwater lake in the Purbeck Heaths nature reserve in Dorset. Since their release, the beavers have constructed a 35-metre dam, improving local habitats for plants, insects, amphibians, birds and bats. Trail cameras even captured the beavers playing with an otter, while a barn owl, a protected species in the UK, was also seen flying nearby.

The project allows for the release of 10 to 25 adult beavers, with the next release expected to take place this autumn.

A family of beavers have successfully been released into the Bedfordshire countryside for the first time in 400 years.

A male, a female and two kits were introduced to the Southill Estate, close to Biggleswade, from the end of February, in a project that was two years in the planning.

The Eurasian beavers are "recognised as ecosystem engineers" and their job is to restore the ecology and use their dam building skills to create drought resilience, said Restore, a nature restoration company that worked on the release.

New research into how much carbon is absorbed by the Isle of Man's marine habitats has been published.

The Manx Blue Carbon Research Project set out to understand the size of the island's blue carbon habitat, assess the potential for carbon storage, identify any threats and look at monitoring and restoration options.

The research, led by the Department for Environment, Food and Agriculture (Defa) saw scientists map habitats across Manx waters between 2022 and 2025.

The "elusive woodland antics" of pine martens in the South West of England have been captured by trail cameras on Dartmoor and Exmoor.

It comes as experts say the animals are "doing well" since their recent reintroduction and have begun to produce young.

Pine martens had been missing from the region for more than 100 years after having been hunted and trapped to extinction.

Stunning new pictures have emerged of two orcas off the Cornish coast – an exceptionally rare encounter that the captain of a wildlife cruise described as a “real privilege”.

The orcas were spotted on Wednesday afternoon (April 1), with AK Wildlife Cruises Falmouth identifying them as the world‑famous John Coe and Aquarius – the last surviving members of the UK’s West Coast Community of orca.

The crew said they felt “unbelievably lucky” to encounter the pair, calling the moment “truly special” given the whales’ iconic status and the extreme rarity of sightings in English waters.