401k (employer sponsored) and IRA (individual account) are managed by investment companies. They’re not a state operated asset. It seems unlikely that the government would move it away from these investment companies because they’re probably great a lobbying.

The law states that these retirement accounts should be completely untouched and recoverable if the company goes bankrupt.

Historically the market returns have been around 7% annually over the long long term but that fluctuates a lot and might not even be possible into the future but America is good at pumping those numbers up so idk.

Yes. “Put your money here, it will be there when you’re old—we promise.” Is a ridiculous plan.