there’s not much democrats can pass without a supermajority (or congressional reform).

Absurd.

The super majority vote is a parliamentary rule and not law. They can skip the super majority with a simple majority vote (as they can with all parliamentary rules).

They skip it all the time... they bypass the "super majority" with regularity. Over 180x the last time I checked.

They could have passed minimum wage increase with a simple majority. Instead, they tied it to a massive budget package.

They never even tried a standalone bill. They performed the bare minimum because it works, people fall for it. It's an open secret and a bit of a joke, really.