The greatest strength of science, I would argue the primary purpose of science, is to predict the future.

Models by definition aren't perfect, but they don't have to be, they just have to be good enough to accurately predict the outcome.

Being able to model a system before you build it, and know with confidence it will work, is possibly the single most powerful tool man has created.

There are two broad categories of science, theoretical, and experimental.

The theorist looks at the data, and tries to build better models to explain that data, and predict new things from it.

The experimenter tries to then apply those models to real world experience, and see if they can break the models.

This feedback loop of thinking about things in a new way, and then objectively verifying them, is the heart of science.

Everything we make today of any engineering significance is put through this process, airplanes, computer chips, medicine, etc, and because of it we can design and build these things with far less guesswork.

You'd have a real hard time building a cellphone without knowledge of Ohm's law or Maxwell's equations.

The food required to feed our current population wouldn't be possible without advanced chemistry, and our global communication networks couldn't exist without a whole host of sciences.

As far as it's weakness, well, I'd argue as a method of thought, it really doesn't have any.

Some will argue it doesn't answer the "big questions", why am I here? What's my purpose in life? Does it really cosmolocically matter if I don't get out of bed in the morning?

To that I say, who cares? That's not the goal of science, that belongs to philosophy.