This part stood out and is not really explored in the piece (emphasis mine):

According to the Cambridge research, operatives travelled to ISWAP-controlled territory to teach senior members how to use AI. Fighters were selected and assembled in rooms around laptops and projectors and shown how to query chatbots and circumvent the safeguards designed to prevent them from answering dangerous requests.

“The white guys came and taught us,” one former commander recalled. “They assembled the top people in a room and used a projector to show how it works on a big screen.”

The trainers supplied laptops equipped with privacy and encryption tools, while accounts and paid subscriptions to multiple AI platforms were set up for members, according to former fighters cited in the study. Respondents repeatedly identified the wider ISIL movement as the source of their AI training.