76
Dublin Lock-Out - Novo General Megathread for the 26th-31st of August and 1st-2nd of September 2026 (thelemmy.club)
submitted 3 weeks ago* (last edited 2 weeks ago) by [M] to c/chapotraphouse@hexbear.net
805 comments fedilink hide all child comments
 

On this day in 1913, the Dublin Lock-Out began as hundreds of tram workers went out on strike, growing into one of most significant industrial disputes in Irish history. It involved ~20,000 workers and 300 colluding employers, and led to the founding of the Irish Citizen Army (ICA) to protect worker demonstrations.

In the years leading up to the strike, the Irish Transport and General Workers' Union (ITGWU) had been seeking to unionize and radicalize the Irish workforce. Founded by socialist revolutionary James Larkin in 1908, the ITGWU was one of the first Irish unions that catered to both skilled and unskilled workers.

In July 1913, three hundred businesses (led by capitalist William Martin Murphy) agreed to not allow the ITGWU to unionize the Dublin workforce. Murphy dismissed hundreds of workers of suspected of union membership soon after.

Many employers in Dublin then locked out their own employees, affecting tens of thousands of Irish workers, many of whom were already the poorest in the United Kingdom.

After outbreaks of violence between striking workers and strike-breakers occurred, James Connolly, Larkin and ex-British Army Captain Jack White formed a worker's militia, the Irish Citizen Army, to protect workers' demonstrations.

The lock-out concluded in early 1914, when the Trades Union Congress (TUC) in Britain rejected Larkin and Connolly's request for a sympathetic strike. Most workers, many of whom were on the brink of starvation, went back to work and signed pledges not to join the ITGWU, which was further weakened when Larkin fled to the United States and James Connolly was executed following the 1916 Easter Rising.

Many of the blacklisted workers joined the British Army, having no other source of pay to support their families, and quickly found themselves in the trenches of World War I. ITGWU eventually recovered and gained strength after WWI; by 1920 the ITGWU was Ireland's largest union with 120,000 members, compared with its pre-war peak of 24,135 at the start of January 1913.

Megathreads and spaces to hang out:

reminders:

  • πŸ’š You nerds can join specific comms to see posts about all sorts of topics
  • πŸ’™ Hexbear’s algorithm prioritizes comments over upbears
  • πŸ’œ Sorting by new you nerd
  • 🐢 Join the unofficial Hexbear-adjacent Mastodon instance toots.matapacos.dog

Links To Resources (Aid and Theory):

Aid:

Theory:

Financial Support to the Bearsite

The Dublin Lock-Out
you are viewing a single comment's thread
view the rest of the comments
[–] 12 points 2 weeks ago (5 children)

During gestation, are twins wired in series or in parallel?

  • permalink
  • fedilink
  • source
  • hideshow 5 child comments
    •
  • [–] 8 points 2 weeks ago* (1 child)

    I know this is a joke, but it's actually a little interesting. I'm not going to look shit up for a shit posts, so if anything is wrong that's my fault.
    Dizygotic twins (Fraternal twins) are, essentially, separate pregnancies occurring in parallel inside the same person. You have separate ovum (egg cells) becoming fertilised by separate sperm cells, resulting in separate zygotic development which independently attach to the lining of the uterus and from there develop (ideally) separately.
    These are therefore, obviously, parallel.

    But monozygotic twins (Also known as identical twins) are the result of a fertilised zygote splitting. But the question is When. If they split during the morula stage (The stage after fertilisation where a bunch of cell replication is occurring inside the "shell" of the original egg cells) forming two separate morulae, then as far as this question goes they're basically fraternal twins. They from that point on have separate zygotes independently attaching to the uteral lining and developing separately.
    Boring, yawn.

    If they split as blastocysts (after the morula stage, cells have differentiated themselves between embryoblasts which will form the embryo and the tropoblasts which will form all the supporting structures for embryonic and foetal development) however then we have to ask.
    When?
    If it happens prior to the implantation state they will implant together, sharing an outermost layer of tropoblast, which means that they will be "fed" from the same lacunae, and form a shared placenta, that connects to separate amniotic sacs.

    If they split post implantation then they will have one amnotic sac, and can theoretically end up growing into one another and you get conjoined twins. There's nothing protecting the twins from one another. You could have a theoretical situation where you just have two plugs into a shared system!

    In those two latter examples, where they share a placenta. Because of the way blood is fed into the placenta, they kinda are fed in series. The vein-artery connections made during placental development form where the villi meet lacunae, it's not planned and it's not separate for the two. So technically the two are kind of fed in placental series. This means that if the vessels are formed under conditions where it is easier for one foetus to get to, the other foetus may be "underfed" getting less blood because the lion's share is going to the other. This is known as twin transfusion syndrome or twin oligo-somthing poly-something syndrome/sequence (TOPS)

  • permalink
  • fedilink
  • source
  • parent
  • hideshow 1 child comment
    •