GURPS Vehicles had some options that you needed to do a little calculus for, iirc. To be fair, that was an extremely optional add-on, and the calculations were done as part of designing your custom vehicle, not in play!

Their speed/range penalty calculation is also logarithmic I think, but nobody actually calculates that - you just look up the adjustments on the table, which is reprinted all over the place (rulebooks, character sheets,GM screens...)

Lol there have been some VERY obscure games that have tried this. Expectedly, they never took off and usually had many other problems with lacking fun.

Usually the author just liked math and wanted to pen-and-paper simulate a universe, but forgot to make it fun to care about or play in.