DNS is like a post office or delivery company. They all have databases of who lives where so they can match a home address to a name.
DNS isn't required per se, you can "deliver" traffic directly or through another delivery service... If "https://website.com/" has a domain address of 111.222.33.44, you could also just type that into your browser URL bar like https://111.222.33.44/ and DNS isn't (or at least shouldn't be) touched.