23 years. I'm assuming you're going for Squalid living conditions rather than Wretched, so you can only save half your money. But you'd still be able to afford Poor conditions for most of your life. If that's not worth it, why even bother the first time? Just do the minimum it takes to get to a good afterlife, like go grab a sword and go on a suicide mission for a good god.
Of course, really what you'd do is spend 3.5 years saving up 250 gold, then learn a tool proficiency, and now you're a skilled worker and can live a Modest lifestyle and save 1 gp per day, and save up the rest of the money in 2 years.
plus another 400 to pay the caster.
How do you know how much to pay the caster? I thought 5e didn't have an equation for that. Adventures League has a few spells you can buy, which mostly follow the equation level^2 + 2*consumed component cost + unconsumed component cost/10. Using that, Clone should cost 2840 gp (including components).
Edit: I mean 10*level^2 + 2*consumed component cost + unconsumed component cost/10