Can't comment on the cause, but I've found a workaround for this by launching steam from the terminal. I suppose that the gnome launcher calls a different version or uses some specific parameters.

I'll check it when I'm less lazy (hmmm)

I’ve had better luck using the Flatpak version of Steam than either the repo version or downloaded from Steam. On 22.04 I could not get the Gnome launcher to work at all for either and had to use the terminal. No issues using the Flatpak version. It also works with Proton-Up, which is also available as a Flatpak.

As for your issue specifically, you could look at the logs, but the only way I know to do that is via the Terminal, and you mentioned you don’t want to do that.

Looks like lemmy doesn't accept posts with attachments.
I tried to send a screenshot of a settings for accelerated rendering in steam. I don't think i'll make a difference, but turning it on is worth a try

doubt this will do anything, but have you tried turning this on?
(posted again because the edit didn't federate and i forgot the attachment)

doubt this will do anything, but have you tried turning this on?