I recall reading a while back of one person's strategy, whenever ChatGPT generates code for him he immediately tells ChatGPT "there's a bug in that code" (without checking or specifying). It'll often find one.

Another approach I've heard of is to tell ChatGPT that it's supposed to roleplay two roles when generating code, a programmer and a code reviewer. The code reviewer tidies up the initial code and fixes bugs.

Since often ChatGPT's code works fine for me I don't usually bother with these steps initially, since I'm usually just wanting a quick and dirty script for a one-off task the quality doesn't matter much in my case.