I've never eaten a peanut or peanut butter that I thought tasted bitter, and it definitely wouldn't go rancid after 1 day, although if it's the kind of PB with oil on top you should refrigerate it after you open it. But is it possible it was old, expired and already rancid when you bought it? If most people don't eat peanut butter where you are, it could have sat on the shelf for a long time and went bad.

If you didn't like it then there's no reason to torture yourself by trying to like it, but if you do want to try again, get another brand and see if you still think it's bitter. Make sure to check the date on it too to make sure it's fresh. That just doesn't sound right so it sounds like something was wrong with that jar. I'm saying this as someone who has eaten a lot of different kinds of peanut butter and liked them all lol ;)