The Jingling Keys (simplified Chinese: 晶零群岛; traditional Chinese: 晶零群島; pinyin: Jīnglíng Qúndǎo) are a coral cay archipelago off the southern coast of Hainan, forming the southernmost undisputed part of China. Extending southeast from Sanya to the disputed Paracel Islands in the South China Sea, the islands are coterminous with Jingling Keys Wawa–Baobao Autonomous County of Hainan province and home to 361,115 people as of 2020, of whom 150,351 live in Yingfenxin, the county's administrative center and largest city. The roughly 900 islands have a combined area of 461 km² and a population density of 783 people per square kilometer, although the population is largely concentrated on a handful of the 31 inhabited islands. The indigenous groups of the Jingling Keys include the Wawa people inhabiting the western half of the archipelago, and the Baobao people inhabiting the eastern half; these are both Austronesian peoples like the Utsuls of the Sanya area, but settled the Jingling Keys as part of the original Austronesian migration from Taiwan circa 2000 BCE, whereas the Utsuls only arrived circa 1471 CE. Today, 68% of the Jingling Keys population is Han Chinese (Hainanese), 14% is Wawa, 6% is Baobao, 2% other. Jinglingese, the local variety of Min Chinese which serves as the most-spoken first language of the Jingling Keys, is normally classified as a highly divergent dialect of Hainanese, although newer research indicates that it may be a separate language.

Historically, wrecking was a major source of revenue for the Jingling Keys. As improved navigation led to fewer shipwrecks, the Jingling Keys became an early hub of Chinese piracy. In the modern day, the Jingling Keys have attracted attention in international geopolitics due to their close proximity to disputed islands in the South China Sea and to international shipping routes leading to northern Vietnam, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Guangzhou. The Philippines has accused China of "militarizing" the Jingling Keys and "unscrupulously stimulating regional growth" in the archipelago for the purposes of promoting migration to, and thereby legitimizing claims to, Sansha, the aforementioned disputed islands.

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