OpenAI and Anthropic and Alphabet etc try their best to preventing it from doing so, so the act of getting it to do so anyway is "jailbreaking", but yes. LLMs can reproduce works it was trained on. (At least chunk-by-chunk each limited to the token limit.) And I'd imagine the same is true of things like Stable Diffusion, though it might be much easier to get Stable Diffusion to produce something similar enough to qualify as a "derivative work" than it would be to get it to produce exactly the original.