This is indeed Hyperion by Dan Simmons. Hamilton had really cool use of portals in the Salvation series, though. Among other things, they could:
- Make people travel (and indeed have distributed houses as well),
- Source of free energy by placing one end of the portal close to the sun,
- Solution for garbage by placing one end of the portal into outer space,
- Geoengineering, for example, by placing one end of the portal above the Australian desert, and feeding it icebergs from the other end.
My favourite use was a protagonist placing one end of a portal on Earth, and smuggling the other onto a penal colony to rescue a prisoner.