Technically, 29" tyres are just extra-fat 28" tires, the rim diametre is 622 mm for both tyres. Surprisingly, 27" tyres have a larger rim, 630 mm, than 29" tyres.
The other parameter limiting the use of the tube is the width of the tyre. As 27" tyres have a maximum size of 35-630, 29" tyres start at 50-622. Thus, the tube for 27"/28" tyres will be somewhat overly inflated (according to it's specification) in a 29" tyre.
https://www.schwalbe.com/media/29/9b/36/1711611433/faq_reifengroessen_28032024.pdf