The Spanish one is primarily from Spain. You hardly hear it used in latin America, but it is still well understood. How the venerable cucumber became synonymous with "worthless", I do not know.

My Spanish speaking friends and family use "...no me importa un carajo" which is close to "...do not care a fuck", which is the same vibe as "don't give a fuck". The word "carajo" is very flexible, like fuck, as is "cabrón" which technically means cuck but is often used in many ways both negative and positive, depending on context.