Microsoft's PhotoDNA is probably the most well-known. Every major service that has user-generated content uses it. Last I checked, it wasn't open-source. It was built for detecting CSAM, but it's really just a general-purpose similarity hashing algorithm.
Meta has some algorithms that are open-source: https://about.fb.com/news/2019/08/open-source-photo-video-matching/
Google has CSAI Match for hash-matching of videos and Google Content Safety API for classification of new content, but both are proprietary.