All I can tell you is that the Pixel 7 has USB 3.2 spec.

Someone else in the thread said that the Pixel 2 (2017) also abides by USB 3.1 spec. I looked it up, apparently they weren't lying.

Though the Google site does say:

Pixel phones use USB-C with USB 2.0 power adapters and cables.

https://support.google.com/pixelphone/answer/7106961?hl=en

Not sure if it still only accepts USB-C 2.0 cables as it's maximum?