Yes, my work laptop has this with a 1, 2 or 3 monitor setup. It adapts as it detects the screens.

Yes! I'm not sure about it changing when you connect monitors (since I'm usually using desktop PCs), but you can have a different setup per monitor.

I have three monitors at work. My main monitor is configured to show all open apps in the taskbar, while the secondary monitors only show the apps opened on those monitors. You can totally change any of the configuration though... the layout, the position, the settings, or even just not have a taskbar on some monitors.

Yes. Furthermore, each taskbar is entirely separate from each other. That means I can have one on the left side of my main monitor, and another on the right side of my secondary monitor, and I can pin entirely different things to each one, because I use each monitor differently. And then I spent hours changing the exact colors and icons and all that, there's plenty of fun to be had