A story that uses imaginary characters or fantastical settings to teach a lesson about a real life situation.
Also: was Dune about Palestine? I thought it was inspired by Lawrence of Arabia, so the Arab Revolt. Maybe the Great Game
It was written over a decade after Nakba so i would assume Herbert didn't missed that, however unclear if it was intentionally included. The opressors in the book were clearly white redhead Harkonnens and Corrinos, while Atreides were hinted as more multiethnic and multinational faction. Padishah Emperor title is also clear hint for Turkish and most likely French and British imperialism.