I've never had to care about it in 16 years of coding. I've also seen a few absolutely horrifying code designs in the name of being branchless. Code readability is often way more important than eeking out every bit of compute out of a CPU. And it gets in a domain where architecture matters too: if you're coding for a microprocessor or some low power embedded ARM processor, those don't even have branch predictors so it's a complete waste of time

I'd say, being able to identify bottlenecks is what really matters, because it's what will eventually lead you to the hot loop you'll want to optimize.

But the overwhelming majority of software is not CPU bound, it's IO bound. And if it is CPU bound, it's relatively rare that you can't just add more CPUs to it.

I do get your concern however, these interview questions are the plague and usually asked by companies with zero need for it. Personally I pass on any job interview that requires some LeetCode exercises. I know my value and my value isn't remembering CS exercises from 10 years ago. I'll absolutely unfuck your webserver or data breach at 3am though. Frontend, backend, Linux servers, cloud infrastructure, databases, you name it, I can handle it no problem.