The upside is that unified memory is genuinely different from traditional RAM. The CPU, GPU and Neural Engine all share the same memory pool, so data doesn’t need to be copied back and forth. That reduces latency, improves efficiency and lets AI models, graphics and other workloads access much larger datasets. It also uses less power and saves board space. The downside is obvious: because it’s integrated into the chip, you have to choose the right amount upfront, since it can’t be upgraded later.