Hehe, I'd be happy to tell you my general understanding of the laws, I am not a gun nut, and there are probably a few details I get wrong.

Anyway.

In Sweden you can only get a gun for two reasons, hunting or competition, getting a gun for self defense is illegal.

To get a gun for either reason, you need to pass tests and for competition licenses, display an active need for the gun in competitions.

Wikipedia has a better summary of the laws on this page:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overview_of_gun_laws_by_nation#Sweden