There's no such thing as an "electric car tire." They just use standard passenger vehicle tires rated for the appropriate weight class.

"Tougher" just means they handle more weight by holding higher air pressure, so they'll have more layers of steel, kevlar, canvas, etc. The materials that makes contact with the road still wear the same.

You can't really engineer away the need for friction, and if there's friction there is going to be wear.

If EV tires were much better than normal tires with the same grip levels and somehow magically less wear, all tires would adopt that technology.

Not that I'm a materials scientist, but EV tires don't seem much different than other "economy" tires, other than a higher load rating.

You have answered your own question. They are built to be tougher, by using more material.

They still shed a proportional amount of material for the vehicle weight.

Not only that but if they get damaged due to trauma prior to end-of-life (such as a puncture of pothole damage) that is a lot more material that is going to landfill (or tyre “recycling” in countries that have it).

They use the same materials, they’re usually just thicker. If you get one of those heavy boat luxury cars you’ll put the same tires on them. They shed material at a faster rate, but they have more material to compensate.