For the image-only DL model, we implemented a deep convolutional neural network (ResNet18 [13]) with PyTorch (version 0.31; pytorch.org). Given a 1664 × 2048 pixel view of a breast, the DL model was trained to predict whether or not that breast would develop breast cancer within 5 years.

The only "innovation" here is feeding full view mammograms to a ResNet18(2016 model). The traditional risk factors regression is nothing special (barely machine learning). They don't go in depth about how they combine the two for the hybrid model, so it's probably safe to assume it is something simple (merely combining the results, so nothing special in the training step). edit: I stand corrected, commenter below pointed out the appendix, and the regression does in fact come into play in the training step

As a different commenter mentioned, the data collection is largely the interesting part here.

I'll admit I was wrong about my first guess as to the network topology used though, I was thinking they used something like auto encoders (but that is mostly used in cases where examples of bad samples are rare)

I skimmed the paper. As you said, they made a ML model that takes images and traditional risk factors (TCv8).

I would love to see comparison against risk factors + human image evaluation.

Nevertheless, this is the AI that will really help humanity.